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Question 1
Incorrect
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Aromatase is key to Oestradiol production in the ovaries. Which of the following statements is true?
Your Answer: LH induces the theca cells to make aromatase
Correct Answer: FSH induces the granulosa cells to make aromatase
Explanation:The two main cell types of the ovaries:
1. The theca cells produce androgen in the form of androstenedione. The theca cells are not able to convert androgen to oestradiol themselves. The produced androgen is therefore taken up by granulosa cells.
2. The neighbouring granulosa cells then convert the androgen into oestradiol under the enzymatic action of aromatase FSH induces the granulosa cells to produce aromatase for this purpose -
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
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Question 2
Incorrect
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Regarding female urinary tract infections, which organism is the most common causative agent?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Escherichia Coli
Explanation:The most common causative agent found in female urinary tract infections is Escherichia Coli. E. Coli is a bacteria found in the environment and the human gastrointestinal system. Other common causes of UTI include Klebsiella sp, Proteus sp and various Enterococci.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Microbiology
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Question 3
Incorrect
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After 18 months of frequent sexual activity, a young couple was unable to conceive.
Which of the following conditions has the best prognosis for infertility treatment?Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Stein-Leventhal syndrome
Explanation:Approximately 75–80% of patients with PCOS will ovulate after Clomiphene citrate. Although there appears to be discrepancy between ovulation and pregnancy rates, life-table analysis of the largest and most reliable studies indicates a conception rate of up to 22% per cycle in those ovulating on CC.
Pelvic TB causes tubal occlusion by scarring leading to infertility. Once occlusion occurs, IVF is usually the only option for conception. This is also the case for women with Turner syndrome.
Azoospermia maybe treated with surgery or hormonal therapy based on the cause but the success rate is low.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Gynaecology
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Question 4
Incorrect
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Question 5
Incorrect
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A 30 year old female with a history of two first trimester miscarriages presented at 9 weeks of gestation with per vaginal bleeding. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Aspirin
Explanation:Antiphospholipid syndrome is the most important treatable cause of recurrent miscarriage. The mechanisms by which antiphospholipid antibodies cause pregnancy morbidity include inhibition of trophoblastic function and differentiation, activation of complement pathways at the maternal–fetal interface, resulting in a local inflammatory response and, in later pregnancy, thrombosis of the uteroplacental vasculature. This patient should be offered referral to a specialist clinic as she has had recurrent miscarriages. Low dose aspirin is one of the treatment options to prevent further miscarriage for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 6
Incorrect
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All of the following statements is considered incorrect regarding the management of deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy, except:
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Warfarin therapy is contraindicated throughout pregnancy but safe during breast feeding
Explanation:Anticoagulant therapy is the standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) but is mostly used in non-pregnant patients. In pregnancy, unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) are commonly used. Warfarin therapy is generally avoided in pregnancy because of its fetal toxicity.
Warfarin is contraindicated during pregnancy, but is safe to use postpartum and is compatible with breastfeeding. Low-molecular-weight heparin has largely replaced unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis and treatment in pregnancy.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 7
Incorrect
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HPV genotypes 6 and 11 are associated with which of the following?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix (LSIL)
Explanation:6 and 11 are considered low risk and are commonly associated with genital warts and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix (can correspond cytologically to CIN 1)
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Microbiology
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Question 8
Incorrect
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A 26 year old lady comes to see you in the antenatal clinic. She is 8 weeks pregnant and is concerned as she has a new cat and her friend told her she shouldn't be changing cat litter when pregnant. You send bloods which show high IgM for toxoplasmosis gondii. Which of the following is an appropriate treatment option?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Spiramycin
Explanation:Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite found in cat faeces, soil or uncooked meat. Infection occurs by ingestion of the parasite from undercooked meat or from unwashed hands. Spiramycin treatment can be used in pregnancy (a 3-week course of 2–3 g per day). This reduces the incidence of transplacental infection but has not been shown to definitively reduce the incidence of clinical congenital disease. If toxoplasmosis is found to be the cause of abnormalities detected on ultrasound scan of the foetus, then termination of pregnancy can be offered.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Microbiology
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Question 9
Incorrect
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All of the following are considered elevated in the third trimester of pregnancy, except:
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Serum free T4
Explanation:Free T3 (FT3) and free T4 (FT4) levels are slightly lower in the second and third trimesters. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are low-normal in the first trimester, with normalization by the second trimester.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 10
Incorrect
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The source of progesterone that maintains the pregnancy during early 1st trimester:
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Corpus luteum
Explanation:In early pregnancy Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum.. This organ is fundamental for pregnancy maintenance until the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast) takes over its function at the 7-9th week of gestation, just after the expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens is suppressed in extra-embryonic fetal tissue.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
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SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
