00
Correct
00
Incorrect
00 : 00 : 0 00
Session Time
-- : --
Average Question Time ( Secs)
Retry this test Dashboard

  • Question 1 - Which patient group are most commonly associated with infection with Klebsiella spp: ...

    Incorrect

    • Which patient group are most commonly associated with infection with Klebsiella spp:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Hospitalised patients

      Explanation:

      Klebsiella spp. are facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods, found in the normal intestinal and respiratory flora. These organisms are usually opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial infections, most commonly pneumonia and UTI.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Microbiology
      • Pathogens
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - A patient who is taking ramipril for high blood pressure complains of a...

    Incorrect

    • A patient who is taking ramipril for high blood pressure complains of a dry persistent cough. What is the mechanism of cough in ACE inhibitor therapy:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Decreased bradykinin breakdown

      Explanation:

      Blocking ACE also diminishes the breakdown of the potent vasodilator bradykinin which is the cause of the persistent dry cough. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers do not have this effect, therefore they are useful alternative for patients who have to discontinue an ACE inhibitor because of persistent cough.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Cardiovascular
      • Pharmacology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - All of the following statements regarding Helicobacter pylori is considered true, except: ...

    Incorrect

    • All of the following statements regarding Helicobacter pylori is considered true, except:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Serum antibody levels should be used to check for successful eradication

      Explanation:

      Helicobacter pylori is a curved, non-spore forming, Gram-negative bacteria that is primarily linked to gastric infections. Once acquired, it colonizes the stomach for a long time and can cause a low-grade inflammatory process, producing a chronic superficial gastritis.H. pylori can be recovered from gastric biopsy materials. Samples must be transported quickly to the laboratory.Helicobacter infections usually are identified by nonculture methods. H. pylori can be presumptively identified in a gastric biopsy specimen by testing for the presence of a rapid urease reaction.Serologic testing is an important screening method for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. It can also be diagnosed by faecal antigen detection, microscopic examination of stained gastric tissue, and DNA amplification tests.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Microbiology
      • Specific Pathogen Groups
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - An unrelated medical condition brings a 28-year-old asthmatic man to the Emergency Department....

    Incorrect

    • An unrelated medical condition brings a 28-year-old asthmatic man to the Emergency Department. When you look over his meds, you notice that he is taking Theophylline to help with his asthma.Which of the following medicines should you NOT prescribe?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Ciprofloxacin

      Explanation:

      Ciprofloxacin is a cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitor that raises theophylline levels in the blood. As a result, co-prescribing theophylline should be avoided.The medicines that typically impact theophylline’s half-life and plasma concentration are listed in the table below:Drugs that increase the levels of theophylline in the bloodDrugs that lower theophylline levels in the bloodCalcium channel blockers e.g. VerapamilFluconazoleCimetidineQuinolones, e.g. ciprofloxacinMethotrexateBarbituratesCarbamazepinePhenobarbitalMacrolides, e.g. erythromycinPhenytoin (and fosphenytoin)RifampicinSt. John’s wort

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pharmacology
      • Respiratory Pharmacology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - Regarding defaecation, which of the following statements is CORRECT: ...

    Incorrect

    • Regarding defaecation, which of the following statements is CORRECT:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Colonic mass movement occurs shortly after a meal due to distension of the stomach and duodenum.

      Explanation:

      Colonic mass movement describes the intense contraction that begins halfway along the transverse colon and pushes the intestinal contents in the proximal colon towards the rectum. It occurs shortly after a meal due to distension of the stomach and duodenum as part of the gastrocolic reflex and if faeces is present in the rectum, stimulates the urge to defecate. Distention of the rectum causes firing of afferent cholinergic parasympathetic fibres. The internal sphincter is made up of circular smooth muscle innervated by the autonomic fibres, and the more distal external sphincter is composed of striated muscle innervated by motor fibres from the pudendal nerve. During defaecation, relaxation of pelvic muscles straightens the rectum.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Physiology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - A 36 year old man who is overweight with a history of gout,...

    Incorrect

    • A 36 year old man who is overweight with a history of gout, presents to emergency room with an acutely painful big toe which is red, hot and swollen. However, he is apyrexic and otherwise systemically well. He has been diagnosed with acute gout. The most appropriate first line treatment for him is which of the following?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: NSAIDs

      Explanation:

      The first line treatment for acute gout includes NSAIDs like diclofenac, indomethacin or naproxen. In patients in whom NSAIDs are contraindicated, not tolerated or ineffective, colchicine is an alternative. In those who cannot tolerate or who are resistant to NSAIDs and colchicine, oral or parenteral corticosteroids are an effective alternative. In acute monoarticular gout, intra-articular injection of a corticosteroid can be used occasionally. In acute gout. allopurinol is not used in the actual treatment, but its use should be continued during an acute attack if the patient is already established on long term therapy.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Musculoskeletal
      • Pharmacology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR) on cell surfaces to exert its...

    Incorrect

    • Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR) on cell surfaces to exert its action. The IR is a very specific transmembrane receptor belonging to the tyrosine kinase receptor class.One of these also activates the IR:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: IGF-I

      Explanation:

      Insulin receptor (IR), in addition to being activated by insulin, is also activated by IGF-I and IGF-II.The IR is a dimer with two identical subunits spanning the cell membrane and are connected by a single disulphide bond. The two sub-units include: The alpha chain situated on the exterior of the cell membrane and the beta chain spanning the cell membrane in a single segment. When insulin is detected, the alpha chains move together folding around the insulin making the beta chains move together, converting them into an active tyrosine kinase. This initiates a phosphorylation cascade increasing the expression of GLUT4 and allowing uptake of glucose by cells.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Endocrine Physiology
      • Physiology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - Which nerve innervates the brachioradialis muscle? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which nerve innervates the brachioradialis muscle?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: The radial nerve

      Explanation:

      Brachioradialis is innervated by the radial nerve (from the root values C5-C6) that stems from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Upper Limb
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - You examine a 43-year-old woman who was referred to you by a friend....

    Incorrect

    • You examine a 43-year-old woman who was referred to you by a friend. She suffers from a variety of medical conditions and takes a variety of medications, including amitriptyline.Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to amitriptyline treatment?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Breastfeeding

      Explanation:

      Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that is most commonly used to treat depression, but it can also be used to treat anxiety disorders, chronic pain, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It inhibits reuptake, raising serotonin and noradrenaline levels while also inhibiting acetylcholine action.TCAs have a number of drawbacks, including:Acute PorphyriaArrhythmiasDuring bipolar disorder’s manic phaseHeart blockAfter a myocardial infarction, there is an immediate recovery period.TCA levels in breast milk are too low to be harmful, and use can be continued while breastfeeding.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • CNS Pharmacology
      • Pharmacology
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - The following structures all lie anteriorly to the oesophagus EXCEPT for the: ...

    Incorrect

    • The following structures all lie anteriorly to the oesophagus EXCEPT for the:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Thoracic duct

      Explanation:

      Posterior to the oesophagus, the thoracic duct is on the right side inferiorly but crosses to the left more superiorly (at T5).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Thorax
      0
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Passmed
Retry this test Dashboard