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  • Question 1 - A young woman presents to the clinic with massive hematemesis. The episodes continue...

    Incorrect

    • A young woman presents to the clinic with massive hematemesis. The episodes continue to occur despite initial measures. She is a chronic alcoholic. Which of the following steps would be the most important regarding the management of this patient?

      Your Answer: IV fluids

      Correct Answer: Emergency banding

      Explanation:

      Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency which carries a hospital mortality in excess of 10%. The most important causes are peptic ulcer and varices. Varices are treated by endoscopic band ligation or injection sclerotherapy and management of the underlying liver disease.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Emergency
      19.4
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - A 12-year-old boy with emesis, dehydration, cold peripheries and deep breathing, has a...

    Incorrect

    • A 12-year-old boy with emesis, dehydration, cold peripheries and deep breathing, has a blood glucose of 28mmol/l. What would be the next best step in management?

      Your Answer: 0.45% normal saline plus 5% dextrose

      Correct Answer: Give normal saline 0.9%

      Explanation:

      Normally blood glucose is filtered out by the kidneys, however as glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL, the renal tubules become saturated and additional reabsorption is not possible. Glucose remains in the renal tubules, causing additional water and electrolytes to diffuse into the renal system and be excreted as urine (also known as osmotic diuresis). Excessive urine production results in electrolyte loss, and dehydration. Thus an important part of managing these patients is fluid replacement. Initially a litre of 0.9% NaCl over the 1st hour is given which may followed by either 0.45 or 0.9% NaCl, depending on the corrected serum sodium and the hemodynamic status of the patient.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Emergency
      24.6
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - A 26-year-old patient without a known medical history presents to casualty unconscious. What...

    Incorrect

    • A 26-year-old patient without a known medical history presents to casualty unconscious. What should be done as soon as possible?

      Your Answer: CT Scan

      Correct Answer: Blood Glucose

      Explanation:

      Blood glucose should be evaluated immediately in order to investigate for diabetic coma triggered by hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Emergency
      13.2
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - A 25-year-old patient with no prior medical history is admitted unconscious. Which should...

    Incorrect

    • A 25-year-old patient with no prior medical history is admitted unconscious. Which should be done as an initial investigation?

      Your Answer: ABG

      Correct Answer: Blood glucose

      Explanation:

      The patient’s blood glucose should be evaluated in order to rule out a reversible diabetic come due to high or low blood glucose.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Emergency
      13.6
      Seconds

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