A 32-year-old patient with a known history of asthma presents with a worsening of his asthma symptoms. He typically uses a salbutamol inhaler, beclomethasone inhaler, and theophylline. However, his theophylline levels are currently below the therapeutic range. It seems that a newly prescribed medication may be causing a decrease in his theophylline levels.
Which of the following drugs is most likely causing this interaction?
A 25-year-old man is given a medication for a medical condition during the 2nd-trimester of his partner’s pregnancy. As a result, the newborn experienced delayed onset labor and premature closure of the ductus arteriosus.
Which of the following medications is the most probable cause of these abnormalities?
A 35-year-old man is given a medication during the 2nd-trimester of his partner’s pregnancy. As a result, the baby is born with a neural tube defect.
Which of the following medications is the most probable cause of these abnormalities?
A 45-year-old patient presents with acute theophylline toxicity. In addition to theophylline, he uses salbutamol and beclomethasone inhalers.
What is the most likely factor that triggered this episode?
A child presents with blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, and low sodium levels. They are taking carbamazepine for epilepsy. You suspect toxicity and send bloods for assessment.
What is the recommended therapeutic range for carbamazepine in children?
You assess a patient with nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and palpitations. She is on theophylline for the treatment of her COPD. You suspect toxicity and order blood tests for evaluation.
What is the target range for theophylline levels?
A 45-year-old male patient comes in with loss of appetite, vomiting, fatigue, and disorientation. His blood tests show low sodium levels, and after further examination, he is diagnosed with drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
Which of the following medications is most likely causing this presentation?
A 35-year-old individual goes to the emergency room feeling sick for the past 48 hours after moving into a new apartment. Earlier today, a boiler technician came to conduct the gas safety inspection for the landlord and advised the patient to go to the A&E department due to high carbon monoxide levels and a faulty boiler. You suspect the presence of carbon monoxide poisoning. What is the primary symptom typically associated with carbon monoxide poisoning?
A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with tuberculosis during her pregnancy and given isoniazid as part of her medication. As a result of this treatment, the newborn develops a defect.
Which of the following defects is the most probable outcome due to the use of this medication during pregnancy?
You observe that a patient’s temperature has risen to 41.5ºC after undergoing rapid sequence induction. You are worried that the patient might have developed malignant hyperthermia. What is the primary drug used to treat malignant hyperthermia?