A 72-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and kidney disease is prescribed a new diuretic medication. Upon reviewing her blood test results, you observe the presence of hyperkalemia.
Which of the following diuretics is most likely to be the cause?
A 25-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her roommate after intentionally overdosing on amitriptyline. You administer activated charcoal. Which other medication, listed as an antidote by RCEM/NPIS, can be used to treat tricyclic overdose?
A 35-year-old woman is given a medication for a medical condition during her pregnancy. As a result, the newborn experiences multiple significant birth defects, such as neural tube, craniofacial, and limb abnormalities.
Which of the following medications is the most probable culprit for these anomalies?
A 28 year old male is brought into the emergency department in a comatose state with suspected poisoning. An arterial blood gas sample is taken. The results are shown below:
pH 7.22
pO2 12.5 kpa
pCO2 5.9 kpa
Bicarbonate 14 mmol/l
Chloride 98 mmol/l
Potassium 6.1 mmol/l
Sodium 136 mmol/l
Overdose or poisoning with which of the following typically leads to this type of acid base disturbance?
A 25-year-old woman with a previous history of depression is admitted to the emergency department following an overdose of amitriptyline tablets. The patient displays notable signs of toxicity, prompting the administration of intravenous sodium bicarbonate. What is the objective of this treatment?
A 32-year-old woman comes in with a complaint of palpitations. During an ECG, it is found that she has newly developed QT prolongation. She mentions that her doctor recently prescribed her a new medication and wonders if that could be the reason.
Which of the following medications is LEAST likely to cause QT interval prolongation?
A 25-year-old individual is brought to the emergency department by a companion who discovered the patient in tears next to a bottle of tablets. The patient claims to have ingested about 40 aspirin tablets approximately 1 hour ago. A blood gas sample is collected for testing. Which of the following acid-base imbalances is linked to an overdose of aspirin?
A 42-year-old man has recently taken an antibiotic for a skin infection. He has been experiencing palpitations and had an ECG performed, which shows the presence of new QT prolongation.
Which of the following antibiotics is he most likely to have taken?
A 32-year-old man has ingested an excessive amount of medication. He experiences nausea, perspiration, and ringing in the ears. His arterial blood gas reveals a respiratory alkalosis, and his ECG displays an elongation of the QRS complex.
Which drug is he most likely to have overdosed on?
A 35-year-old patient comes in with acute severe asthma and is currently receiving regular salbutamol nebulizers. Her potassium level is tested and is found to be 2.8 mmol/l. She is also taking another medication prescribed by her primary care physician, but she cannot remember the name.
Which of the following medications is the LEAST likely to have caused her hypokalemia?