MRCGP AKT Category: Cardiovascular Health

AKT-0480

A 26-year-old woman has a 2-year history of right-sided throbbing headache that comes and goes, accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light. She often experiences visual disturbances before the headache starts. Despite trying various over-the-counter pain relievers, she has found little relief. Her doctor has prescribed an oral medication to be taken at the onset of the headache, with the option of taking another tablet after 2 hours if needed. What is a typical adverse effect of this medication?

AKT-0481

What are the primary indications for administering alpha blockers?

AKT-0482

A 61-year-old man with ischaemic heart disease experiences chest pain while climbing stairs. He uses his sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) spray. What is the most likely side-effect profile of taking the GTN spray?

AKT-0483

A 65-year-old man comes to your clinic for a medication review. He has been prescribed clopidogrel after experiencing a transient ischaemic attack during an overnight hospital stay. Which medication from his repeat prescription is expected to decrease the efficacy of clopidogrel?

AKT-0484

Which of the following calcium channel blockers is most likely to cause pulmonary edema in a patient with a history of chronic heart failure?

AKT-0485

An 80-year-old man presents with a three-week history of increasing fatigue and palpitations on exertion. He has a medical history of myocardial infarction and biventricular heart failure and is currently taking ramipril 5mg, bisoprolol 5mg, aspirin 75 mg, and atorvastatin 80 mg. During examination, his heart rate is irregularly irregular at 98/min, and his blood pressure is 172/85 mmHg. An ECG confirms the diagnosis of new atrial fibrillation. What medication should be avoided in this patient?

AKT-0454

A 56-year-old man collapses in the hospital during a nurse-led hypertension clinic. He is unresponsive and has no pulse in his carotid artery. What is the appropriate ratio of chest compressions to ventilation?

AKT-0455

A 67-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischaemic heart disease is experiencing erectile dysfunction. The decision is made to try sildenafil therapy. Is there any existing medication that can be continued without requiring adjustments?

AKT-0456

A 55-year-old caucasian man presents to his GP with the results of 7 days of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) he was advised to complete following a random clinic blood pressure of 144/92 mmHg. His HBPM is 138/88 mmHg. Baseline investigations show no evidence of end-organ damage. He is a current smoker. His QRISK3 score is calculated to be 11.2%. He has no known medication allergies. Lifestyle and smoking cessation advice is provided. What is the most appropriate treatment option?

AKT-0457

Sophie is a 82-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. She visits her GP after experiencing a 10-minute episode where she couldn’t move her left arm. Her arm function has since returned to normal and her neurological examination is unremarkable.

What is the most accurate diagnosis for Sophie based on the given information?