A 47-year-old woman with a history of multiple sclerosis visits her GP after her partner noticed a recent change in her eye appearance. Upon examination, the GP observes ptosis on the right side and a small right pupil. Fundoscopy reveals no abnormalities. What is the probable diagnosis?
John is a 50-year-old man who visits his doctor with a rash around his left eye. The rash is causing him a lot of pain. Upon examination, he has a vesicular rash on one side of his face that extends to his nose. His eye appears normal, and his vision is not affected. The doctor suspects that he may have shingles.
What should be the next course of action in John’s treatment?
A 75-year-old man presents to your clinic with complaints of stabbing pains on the right side of his face for the past two days. He also reports a new rash on the tip and right side of his nose.
Upon examination, you notice a vesicular rash on the right side of his nose. However, his right eye appears normal, and he is otherwise healthy with normal vital signs. Based on these findings, you suspect a diagnosis of shingles.
What would be the best course of action for managing this patient?
Which of the following is not a factor that increases the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma?
A 23-year-old female who is overweight visits her doctor complaining of daily headaches that have been ongoing for two weeks. The headaches are felt on both sides of her forehead, persist throughout the day, and intensify when she bends over. She doesn’t experience any aura with the headaches. During a fundoscopy, the doctor notices blurring of the optic disc. What is the probable diagnosis?
A 23-year-old woman urgently schedules an appointment due to a two-day history of increasing soreness, redness, and discharge from her left eye. She describes a gritty sensation in the affected eye but denies any foreign body exposure. The patient is otherwise healthy and admits to wearing contact lenses for up to 16 hours daily. She has stopped using contact lenses since the onset of symptoms and is currently wearing glasses.
During the examination, the left eye appears inflamed and red with excessive tearing, while the right eye is normal. No abnormalities are observed in the periorbital tissues, and the patient’s visual acuity is normal with glasses.
What is the most appropriate course of action?
You come across a 16-year-old girl who complains of a painful and red right eye. She has been experiencing discomfort for the past two days and feels like there is something in her eye. She cannot recall anything entering her eye, and her vision seems to be affected. She has no history of facial herpes and is in good health otherwise.
Upon examination, her visual acuity is reduced in the affected eye as she has removed her contact lenses this morning. The eye is watering and red, but the pupil reaction is normal. The anterior chamber appears normal, but there is a small superficial corneal injury visible upon staining the eye.
Based on the most probable diagnosis, what would be the most appropriate course of treatment?
A 30-year-old woman presents with a painful and red left eye. She denies any recent trauma to the eye but reports seeing floaters and experiencing discomfort when moving her eye. She also notes blurred vision. This is the fourth time she has experienced these symptoms.
Upon examination, the left eye appears red and the pupil is irregular. The patient’s visual acuity is slightly worse in the left eye compared to the right. Corneal staining reveals no abnormalities, but there are some cells present in the anterior chamber.
What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient, and what is the recommended management plan?
A 40-year-old male comes to his GP complaining of experiencing dull pain in the orbital area, redness in the eye, tearing, and sensitivity to light for the past 4 days. During the examination, the doctor notices an irregular, constricted pupil. What is the best course of action for management?
A 67-year-old woman complains of visual difficulties. She has a history of rheumatoid arthritis, depression, and is on medication for hypertension. She has been experiencing headaches and blurred vision for the past few days, and today she noticed a significant decrease in vision in her right eye. During the examination, her right eye appeared red, her pupil was sluggish, and her corrected visual acuity was 6/30. Her medication was recently altered. Which of the following medications is the most probable cause of this occurrence?