A 55-year-old man has recently joined the practice after moving with his job from another region. He reports experiencing deteriorating vision and struggles with mobility, particularly at night. He was previously diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa. During the examination, he wears thick glasses, and his visual acuity is 6/9 in both eyes (meaning he can read most of the Snellen chart). What is the most suitable management option? Choose ONE option only.
A 55-year-old, seemingly healthy woman presents to your clinic reporting that she was surprised to find her left eye filled with blood when she woke up this morning. She denies any ocular discomfort and states that her vision is unaffected. There is no discharge from the eye and no active bleeding. Upon examination, you note the presence of a subconjunctival hemorrhage.
What is the most appropriate course of action to take next?
A 60-year-old woman has been recently diagnosed with chronic open-angle glaucoma. The Ophthalmologist also comments that she has mild bilateral cataracts. When light from a pen torch is shone into the left eye, both pupils constrict. When the torch is moved to the right eye, both pupils appear to be more dilated.
Which of the following most correctly identifies the significance of this finding?
A 75-year-old woman with a history of polymyalgia rheumatica presents to her General Practitioner with a sudden loss of vision in her right eye. For the previous few days, she had been suffering from right-sided temporal headache, muscle aches and tiredness. She also noticed her jaw was getting painful after a few minutes of chewing.
What single investigation would most strongly support the most likely diagnosis?
A 35-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis takes oral steroids. She complains of watering of both eyes and occasional blurred vision while working on a computer.
What is the probable diagnosis?
A 75-year-old man has recently been diagnosed with diabetes. What is the most significant retinal feature that would indicate the presence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
A 5-year-old boy comes to the clinic with a two-day history of a red, irritated right eye. His father has been wiping away stringy discharge from the eye and the eye has been stuck together in the mornings. He has no light sensitivity. He has no significant past medical history.
During examination, pupils are equal and reactive to light. The right eye has injected bulbar and tarsal conjunctiva and follicles are present. A tender pre-auricular lymph node is palpable.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 38-year-old woman presents with dry, gritty discomfort of both eyes that worsens as the day goes on. She has had these symptoms for several years and the eyes can be slightly sensitive to light at times. Inspection reveals both eyes to appear mildly red and fluorescein staining demonstrates punctate staining. The lid margins and lashes appear normal. She has no history of any other eye problems and doesn’t use any visual aids such as glasses or contact lenses. There is no history suggestive of a foreign body in the eyes.
What is the most appropriate management strategy?
A 35-year-old man presents with redness, mild discomfort and soreness of the left eye which feels gritty. He has never had these symptoms before and has no history of any eye or visual conditions. There is no history suggestive of an ocular foreign body. He is systemically well. Clinical examination shows no reduction in visual acuity and there is no discharge or eyelid abnormalities. His pupils appear normal with normal pupillary responses to light. There is a focal area of raised redness in the left eye. The right eye is white and quiet.
The red area related to the left eye disappears on compression and is mobile when a cotton bud is used to touch the area.
What advice should be given to the patient?
A mother is worried that her 5-month-old baby girl has a squint. On examination, the eyes seem to be turned inwards. When a pen torch is shone in front of her eyes, she looks at it and the reflection is in the central part of the cornea, bilaterally.
What is the most probable diagnosis? Choose ONE option only.