An intercalating medical student conducts a retrospective cohort study examining the association between socioeconomic status and mortality in elderly medical inpatients. The study finds there to be no association and the student’s supervisor therefore suggests that the study should not be published because clinicians would not be interested in the result.
What is the name given to this form of bias?
A study is conducted to investigate the likelihood of stroke in high-risk patients taking a new oral antithrombotic medication versus warfarin. The study includes patients over the age of 60. The results are as follows:
Total number of patients Number who had a stroke within a 3 year period
New drug 200 10
Warfarin 600 12
What is the relative risk of experiencing a stroke within a 3 year period for patients over the age of 60 taking the new drug compared to warfarin?
Which one of the following statements best describes a type II statistical error?
Which statistical test is appropriate for analyzing normally distributed data that is measured?
Which of the following tests involves a comparison of within-group variance and between-group variance?
You sample 100 patients’ ages from your patient list and calculate the mean age to be 45 years old. This baseline data will be used before enrolling these patients on an exercise programme to measure the effect this has on age. The standard deviation of your data is 3. You wish to determine how accurate your estimate of the mean is likely to be.
What is the standard error of the mean?
A survey is conducted to determine the satisfaction level of customers with the new online ordering system, rating it out of 10. The scores obtained are: 9, 5, 3, 8, 7, 6, 4, 9. What is the median score?
What is the definition of the term that refers to the proportion of a disease that would be eliminated in a population if its disease rate were reduced to that of the unexposed group?
A study examines the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack (MI) in patients with established ischemic heart disease. Group A receives conventional treatment. After 7 years, 30 out of 150 patients have had an MI. Group B receives standard treatment plus a novel cardiac medication. After 7 years, 15 out of 90 patients have had an MI. What is the odds ratio of having an MI while taking the new drug compared to those who do not?
A new anti-epileptic drug is being tested for adolescents with absence seizures. The control group consists of 300 adolescents while 200 adolescents are given the new drug. After 6 months, 80 adolescents in the control group had a seizure while only 10 adolescents in the group taking the new medication had a seizure. What is the relative risk reduction?