AKT-1957
What is the definition of the standardised mortality ratio, and how does it differ from the age-standardised mortality ratio?
Archives: MRCGP AKT
AKT-1958
You are working in an area with 65% adult flu vaccine uptake. There has been an outbreak of influenza in the local community. The regional public health body wants to investigate the incident further and identify the most likely events which spread the disease.
What study design is most appropriate?
AKT-1959
You wish to investigate an outbreak of atypical pneumonia cases in the elderly population and determine if there has been exposure to a particular risk factor.
Which study design would be most appropriate?
AKT-1960
A new medication for reducing joint pain in elderly patients is being tested compared to a standard pain medication. A total of 1500 elderly patients were enrolled in the trial with 750 taking the new medication and 750 taking the standard pain medication.
After completing the same treatment period, 50 patients within the new medication group reported experiencing joint pain, giving an experimental event rate (EER) of 0.067, compared to 150 patients within the standard pain medication group, giving a control event rate (CER) of 0.2.
What is the numbers needed to treat (NNT) for this new medication in reducing joint pain in elderly patients?
AKT-1961
A study is conducted to determine the normal range of IgE levels in elderly individuals. Assuming that IgE levels are normally distributed, what proportion of elderly individuals will have an IgE level greater than 2 standard deviations from the mean?
AKT-1962
Which of the following is accurate concerning the placebo effect?
AKT-1963
A case-control study is being designed to investigate the association between hypertension and a new medication. What is the typical outcome measure in a case-control study?
AKT-1964
A randomised controlled trial is conducted comparing a new medication or placebo for recovery from a certain illness.
What term best describes the probability of obtaining a result by chance at least as extreme as the one that was observed, assuming that the null hypothesis of no difference between the medication and placebo is true?
AKT-1965
A 28-year-old patient who is participating in a clinical trial comes to your clinic for a flu shot. He is uncertain if it is permitted while he is in the trial, so his trial coordinator is consulted. The coordinator explains that the patient is part of a study involving 150 participants to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse effects of a new allergy medication, and receiving the vaccine should not be an issue.
What phase of the clinical trial is the 28-year-old patient in?
AKT-1966
A trial is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a new screening test for detecting heart disease in patients over the age of 50. The contingency table below shows the results for a group of patients who were tested:
Heart disease present Heart disease absent
Test positive 120 15
Test negative 10 255
What is the positive predictive value of the new screening test for detecting heart disease (rounded to 2 decimal places)?