A 9-month-old girl is brought to surgery as her mother has noticed some noisy breathing. For the past 2-3 days she has had a runny nose and has felt hot. There is no past medical history of note and she is currently feeding satisfactorily. On examination temperature is 38.3ºC, respiratory rate is 36 / min and there is no intercostal recession noted. Chest auscultation reveals a mild expiratory wheeze bilaterally with the occasional fine crackle. What is the most appropriate management?
A 5-year-old girl is brought in for surgery. Her mother reports that her stools have always been firm and for the past two weeks, she has been taking a combination of lactulose (10ml bd) and senna (2 tablets od) prescribed by a colleague. However, she is still only passing a hard stool every 2-3 days. The clinical examination shows no abnormalities. What is the best course of action to take next?
The parents of a 4-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis are seeking guidance on whether to have more children. Both parents are non-carriers of the disease. What is the likelihood that their next child will be a carrier of the cystic fibrosis gene?
You are educating the parent of a 5-year-old child with eczema about the proper application of emollients. Which of the following statements is accurate?
As a healthcare professional working in a GP practice, your next patient is a thirteen-month-old boy who has not yet started walking. His mother is worried because he has had six nosebleeds in the past two weeks, which have stopped on their own after basic first aid.
The child’s medical history is unremarkable, and he has no known allergies or regular medications. During the examination, you observe a lethargic-looking child with a normal heart rate and tympanic temperature. Upon inspecting his nose, there are no visible abnormalities, and his tonsils are slightly enlarged.
What is the most appropriate course of action to manage this situation?
A 6 week-old infant is presented to your clinic as the mother has observed a white spot in the baby’s mouth. Upon examination, a small white papule of around 1 mm size is visible on the lower gum. The baby is being breastfed and feeding without any issues. What is the probable diagnosis?
You are treating a group of teenagers for head lice after a live head louse is found in one of them. You are giving some general advice. Which of the following is appropriate advice to give?
You see a 6-week old baby boy who has infantile colic. His dad describes episodes where he cries without any obvious trigger and he is unable to console him. The episodes last about 30 minutes and can occur up to approximately 12 times in 24 hours. He is otherwise very well. He is breastfed with formula top ups feeds in the evening and is gaining weight without any concerns.
Examination of the infant is normal.
Which statement below is true regarding infantile colic?
A 9-month-old girl is presented to your clinic by her foster parents, reporting an atypical sequence of movements observed in their daughter. They recorded a video of the episode, and upon reviewing it, you observe mild bilateral flexion of her neck and legs, succeeded by extension of her arms. She repeats this pattern approximately 40 times before ceasing.
What is the probable diagnosis for this scenario?
A father brings his 15-month-old daughter into surgery. Since yesterday she seems to be straining whilst passing stools. He describes her screaming, appearing to be in pain and pulling her knees up towards her chest. These episodes are now occurring every 15-20 minutes. This morning he noted a small amount of blood in her nappy. She is taking around 50% of her normal feeds and vomiting ‘green fluid’ every hour. On examination, she appears irritable and lethargic but is well hydrated and apyrexial. On examination, her abdomen seems distended but no discrete mass is found.
What is the most likely diagnosis?