A concerned mother brings her 12 day old daughter to your clinic. The baby has developed a scaly, yellowish patch on her scalp and the mother seeks your advice. Upon examination, you notice the patch located on the occipital area of the baby’s head, but she appears to be in good health otherwise. What would be the best course of treatment for this condition?
A father brings his 10-year-old daughter to the GP surgery with heel pain. It started two-weeks ago on both heels. The pain is localised to the heel and is worse following exercise and gets better on resting. There is no reported swelling, stiffness or redness. There are no other joint complaints. She is well in herself with no temperature symptoms, night sweats or weight loss. There is no history of trauma. She is an active child and plays for the soccer team at school.
On examination, her gait and range of movements of her ankle joints are normal. Her temperature is 37.2ºC. Apart from mild swelling over both heels, there is no redness on the heel or other swellings of the foot joints. There is no tenderness on palpation of the Achilles tendon and the plantar aspect of the foot. Pain is elicited on squeezing the sides of both heels.
What is the most likely diagnosis for this child?
A 7-year-old child is brought to the Emergency Department by his parents as he is experiencing worsening breathing difficulties. The child has a history of asthma and has been hospitalized twice before due to exacerbations. During the examination, the child’s oxygen saturation is at 90% on air, heart rate is 140 beats/minute, respiratory rate is 40 breaths/minute, and he is using accessory muscles to breathe. Additionally, he is having difficulty completing full sentences.
Which aspect of the child’s medical history indicates a potentially life-threatening exacerbation?
A father brings his twelve-year-old daughter to see you in your GP practice as she has been struggling with sports at school. She has been complaining of steadily worsening pain, which is vaguely located above her right knee, for the past two weeks. Her father says that this has been particularly upsetting for her as she has been trying to lose weight. She is systemically well otherwise. Examination of the right knee joint is normal as is neurological examination of the lower limbs.
What is the most crucial diagnosis to rule out?
A 3-month-old formula-fed baby, born at 37 weeks, has been experiencing symptoms of cow’s milk protein allergy for the past 2 weeks. The baby is increasingly unsettled around 30-60 minutes after feeds, with frequent regurgitation, ‘colic’ episodes, and non-bloody diarrhoea. Mild eczema is present on examination, but the baby’s weight remains stable between the 50-75th centile. The baby was started on an extensively hydrolysed formula, but there is still some persistence of symptoms reported by the parents. What is the most appropriate next step in managing this baby’s condition?
A father brings his 3-month-old baby to the pediatrician’s office, reporting that the infant has been vomiting and regurgitating after every feeding with a cow’s milk-based formula. The vomiting is not forceful, and there is no unusual coloration with blood or bile. The baby doesn’t appear to be in significant distress, but the father has also noticed that the child has persistent diarrhea. The father had to switch to formula as the mother was unable to produce enough breast milk. He tried a soy milk-based formula on the advice of a friend, but it did not make any difference.
What would be the most appropriate course of action?
The father of a 2-year-old visits the pediatrician’s office to inquire about the latest childhood immunisation schedule in the UK. He expresses apprehension about the 4-in-1 vaccine and its potential to overwhelm his child. Can you provide information on the vaccines included in this shot?
A 6-year-old girl is brought to the clinic with Chickenpox. Her father wants to know if she should stay home from school. What is the best advice to give?
Which one of the following is not a risk factor for sudden toddler death syndrome?
A mother brings her 2-year-old daughter to see you as she thinks she is experiencing a lot of pain in her mouth. Upon conducting a thorough assessment of the healthy child, you observe a swollen and tender upper gum with no other abnormalities and diagnose her with teething. What would be the most appropriate advice to give in this situation?