A patient with a straightforward pregnancy is presented with the option of inducing labour to prevent the potential risks of an extended pregnancy. After an unsuccessful membrane sweep, an alternative method is selected to enhance uterine contractions and facilitate labour.
What are the substances derived from arachidonic acid that are utilized to induce labour?
A 25-year-old, biology student, with a history of insomnia, has approached their college doctor with inquiries about a newly advertised medication for insomnia treatment. The medication boosts the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from glutamate, resulting in a calming effect.
What is the enzyme that the drug is mimicking?
A 5-year-old girl is being seen by a specialist in the metabolic clinic for her yearly check-up. She has a deficiency in which enzyme due to hereditary fructose intolerance?
A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an unobserved fall. He has a medical history of atrial fibrillation.
During his lying and standing blood pressure test, there is a 30mmHg decrease, indicating postural hypotension.
To increase his blood pressure, the emergency department administers an anti-hypotensive medication.
Which receptor does the drug act on?
A 2-day old baby is found to have classic galactosaemia on heel prick test. The parents ask for clarification.
The doctor clarifies that the deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) enzyme is responsible for classic galactosaemia. This enzyme is essential for the metabolism of galactose, a type of sugar.
A woman is advised to start taking folic acid supplements before getting pregnant to prevent neural tube defects. At what stage of pregnancy are these defects most likely to occur?
You are studying enzyme-kinetics before a crucial exam and come across the Line-Weaver Burk plot of the Michaelis-Menten model. You need to be familiar with all the abbreviations and their meanings.
What does ‘Km’ signify on the Line-Weaver Burk plot?
The concept of number needed to harm can be described as what?
A study examines the effectiveness of amoxicillin in treating acute sinusitis in patients aged 50 and above compared to a placebo. The study yielded the following results:
Total number of patients Number who achieved resolution of symptoms at 7 days
Amoxicillin 100 60
Placebo 75 30
What is the odds ratio of a patient aged 50 and above achieving symptom resolution at 7 days if they take amoxicillin compared to placebo?
A 6 month-old infant brought to the clinic for a routine check-up. The child was born via a normal vaginal delivery at 40 weeks of gestation.
During the examination, the infant was found to be jaundiced.
Further investigations revealed abnormal liver function tests and a diagnosis of classic galactosaemia was confirmed through a heel prick test.
What is the underlying reason for the infant’s condition?