Archives: Medical Student Years 1-3

MS-4062

An 80-year-old man arrives at the emergency department with his daughter. They were having a conversation when she noticed he was having difficulty understanding her. He has a history of high blood pressure and has smoked for 40 years.

During your assessment, you observe that he is able to speak fluently but makes some errors. However, his comprehension appears to be intact and he can correctly identify his daughter and name objects in the room. When asked to repeat certain words, he struggles and appears frustrated by his mistakes.

Based on these symptoms, what is the likely diagnosis?

MS-4063

An 80-year-old woman with a history of hypertension is brought to the emergency department after falling at home. She reports experiencing a loss of sensation on her right side.

Upon examination, you confirm the loss of sensation in the right arm and leg. Additionally, you note that the right arm has 3/5 power and the right leg has 2/5 power. In contrast, the limbs on the left side have 5/5 power and intact sensation.

Based on these findings, which artery is most likely affected?

MS-4061

A 68-year-old male comes to the emergency department with hemiparesis. During your conversation with him, you discover that his speech is fluent but his repetition is poor. He is conscious of his inability to repeat words accurately but persists in trying. You suspect that a stroke may be the cause of this condition.

Which region of the brain has been impacted by the stroke?

MS-4054

At what stage does the sciatic nerve typically divide into the tibial and common peroneal nerves?

MS-4060

A 32-year-old woman who is a primigravida at 15 weeks gestation presents to the emergency department with drooped features on the left side of her face and a runny nose. She noticed this in the morning when washing her face. There is no limb weakness, visual disturbance, or dysphagia noted.

What other symptoms would be indicative of this diagnosis?

MS-4053

A 67-year-old man visits the clinic with a concern about a lump he has noticed at the corner of his jaw. Apart from this, he reports feeling well. During the examination, there is no visible swelling, but on palpation, you detect a hard, immovable mass located about 2 cm above the angle of the mandible. Based on your assessment, you suspect that the patient may have a parotid gland tumor. If this is the case, the tumor may cause additional symptoms if it affects the cranial nerve that passes through the parotid gland. Which cranial nerve has a path that runs through the substance of the parotid gland?

MS-4065

A 32-year-old female patient, who has a medical history of optic neuritis, visits the neurology clinic complaining of numbness and weakness in her left leg for the past few days. She mentions having experienced similar symptoms in her right arm about 7 months ago, which resolved spontaneously over a few days. Her symptoms worsen in hot weather. Upon neurological examination, weakness is observed in her left leg movements, but the rest of the examination is normal. What is the probable underlying pathophysiology of her condition?

MS-4064

A 50-year-old motorcyclist is seeking treatment at your clinic after a bike accident that occurred 10 months ago. The patient suffered a significant pelvic fracture, which has since healed. However, he is worried about the persistent numbness in his right leg. During the examination, he experiences difficulty in adducting his right hip against resistance and has reduced sensation around the medial aspect of his right thigh. Which nerve is most likely to have been affected?

MS-4047

A 49-year-old man with a diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme and resistance to chemotherapy is referred for a craniotomy to remove the mass-occupying lesion. What is the correct sequence of layers the surgeon must pass through, from most superficial to deepest, during the craniotomy which involves creating an opening through the scalp and meninges?

MS-4048

Sarah, a 30-year-old female, visits her doctor complaining of tingling sensation in her thumb, index finger, middle finger, and lateral aspect of ring finger. She is currently in the second trimester of her first pregnancy.

During the examination, Sarah exhibits a positive Tinel’s sign, leading to a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Which nerve branch is responsible for innervating the lateral aspect of the palm of the hand and is usually unaffected in carpal tunnel syndrome?