Archives: Medical Student Years 1-3

MS-4039

A 33-year-old woman visits an ophthalmology clinic complaining of reduced sensation in her left eye for the past 2 months. She first noticed it while putting on contact lenses. Her medical history includes multiple facial fractures due to a traumatic equestrian event that occurred 2 months ago.

During the examination, the corneal reflex is absent in her left eye, while her right eye shows bilateral tearing and blinking. There is no facial asymmetry, and the strength of the facial muscles is normal on both sides.

Which structure is most likely to have been affected by the trauma?

MS-4038

Which one of the following does not pass through the inferior orbital fissure?

MS-4044

What are the root values of the sciatic nerve?

MS-4043

A teenage girl with suspected sensorineural hearing loss is being educated by her physician about the anatomy of the auditory system. The doctor informs her that there are three bones responsible for transmitting sound waves to the eardrum. Can you identify the correct sequence in which these bones are present?

MS-4045

A 50-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after falling from a ladder while replacing roof tiles. He has a reduced Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and has vomited 4 times. According to his partner, he was unconscious for about 5 minutes before waking up and becoming increasingly drowsy over the next few hours.

A CT head scan reveals a skull fracture and a hyper-dense biconvex lesion. Which of the meningeal layers is responsible for the biconvex shape of the bleed?

MS-4047

A 49-year-old man with a diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme and resistance to chemotherapy is referred for a craniotomy to remove the mass-occupying lesion. What is the correct sequence of layers the surgeon must pass through, from most superficial to deepest, during the craniotomy which involves creating an opening through the scalp and meninges?

MS-4048

Sarah, a 30-year-old female, visits her doctor complaining of tingling sensation in her thumb, index finger, middle finger, and lateral aspect of ring finger. She is currently in the second trimester of her first pregnancy.

During the examination, Sarah exhibits a positive Tinel’s sign, leading to a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Which nerve branch is responsible for innervating the lateral aspect of the palm of the hand and is usually unaffected in carpal tunnel syndrome?

MS-4046

A 24-year-old male arrives at the Emergency Department after sustaining a head injury while playing football. He was struck on the back of his head and lost consciousness for a brief period before regaining it. According to his friend, he appeared to be fine after regaining consciousness except for a headache. However, he has lost consciousness again unexpectedly.

A biconvex blood collection is revealed on a head CT scan. It does not seem to cross the suture lines.

Where is the probable location of the bleed?

MS-4049

A 31-year-old woman visits her doctor with her 3-month-old son for a routine check-up. During the visit, the woman expresses her concern about her inability to breastfeed her baby, despite several attempts.

The woman has a medical history of sensorineural deafness, which she acquired after contracting bacterial meningitis as a child.

Her serum prolactin levels are within the normal range at 250 g/L (34-386 ng/mL). The doctor explains that the milk let-down reflex also requires the hormone oxytocin.

Can you identify the part of the brain where oxytocin is synthesized?

MS-4041

A 51-year-old man arrives at the emergency department with complaints of tunnel vision that started this morning. He has been experiencing occasional headaches for the past 8 weeks and has been taking paracetamol to manage the pain. Apart from these symptoms, he reports no other issues. During the cranial nerve examination, bitemporal hemianopia is observed, with no other abnormalities detected. What is the most probable location of injury in the optic pathway?