Archives: Medical Student Years 1-3

MS-3381

A 33-year-old man arrives at the emergency department with complaints of decreased mobility. He reports experiencing difficulty walking due to weakness in his left foot. The patient has no significant medical history and is typically healthy, regularly participating in sports.

Upon examination, there is a decrease in sensation in the lateral aspect of the left foot and the posterior aspect of the left leg. The patient exhibits normal power on dorsiflexion but reduced power on plantarflexion of the left foot. Additionally, ankle reflexes are absent.

Which anatomical structure is likely to be damaged and causing the patient’s symptoms?

MS-3356

A 35-year-old weightlifter comes to your clinic with a painful shoulder. He has been experiencing a dull, intermittent ache in the posterior aspect of his shoulder for the past 10 days, which is triggered by his usual weightlifting exercises. Upon examination, there is tenderness on the posterior aspect of the shoulder, and the pain is induced by abducting the arm against resistance. Quadrangular space syndrome is one of your differentials for this patient. What are the questions you should ask based on the nerve’s functions that pass through the quadrangular space?

MS-3357

A 28-year-old woman presents with symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and requires surgical exploration of the carpal tunnel. What structure will be closest to the hamate bone within the carpal tunnel during the procedure?

MS-3358

Which of the following structures separates the posterior cruciate ligament from the popliteal artery?

MS-3359

Which one of the following does not pass through the greater sciatic foramen?

MS-3360

A 2nd-year medical student is tasked with placing a cannula in the cubital fossa of the patient.

What anatomical structure can be found in the cubital fossa?

MS-3361

Which one of the following is not an intrinsic muscle of the foot?

MS-3362

During a placement at a GP practice, a 16-year-old girl complains of knee pain. As part of the examination, the GP palpates her patella. What category of bone does the patella belong to?

MS-3364

A 35-year-old man presents with sudden onset of severe lower back pain on the right side after lifting a heavy suitcase and twisting. He experiences some paraesthesia on the postero-lateral aspect of his right lower leg and foot.

Upon examination, he appears to be in significant discomfort with his lower back and has a positive sciatic nerve street test. Additionally, there is evident weakness in plantar flexion (MRC grading 3/5) and a reduced ankle reflex.

Based on these findings, it is suspected that the patient has a herniated intervertebral disc with radiculopathy. What is the level of nerve root compression in this case?

MS-3365

A 19-year-old motorcyclist is rushed to the emergency department following a car collision. Upon examination, it is discovered that the lower left limb has suffered a compound fracture.

The patient undergoes surgery to treat the injuries with open reduction and internal fixation. Despite intensive physiotherapy, the patient experiences an abnormal gait after the surgery. The left foot’s plantarflexion and inversion power are measured at 2/5.

Which nerve is most likely to have been damaged?