A 32-year old woman with asthma presents to the Emergency department with difficulty breathing. Upon examination, you observe that she is utilizing accessory muscles for respiration. Can you identify which muscle is considered an accessory muscle of respiration?
A 63-year-old woman has been experiencing vomiting for the past day due to food poisoning. What acid-base imbalance is likely to occur?
The following blood gas results are obtained from a young adult patient with diabetes.
pH 7.32 (7.36-7.44)
PaO2 14.5 kPa (11.3-12.6)
PaCO2 2.7 kPa (4.7-6.0)
HCO3- 14 mmol/L (20-28)
Base excess −10 mmol/L (+/-2)
How should this data be interpreted accurately?
A woman in her 30s presents with an elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level during pregnancy. All other liver function tests are within normal range and she reports feeling well. What is the probable cause of this finding?
What is the final product of glucose breakdown in the absence of oxygen?
A 16-year-old male patient is experiencing an acute asthma attack and is struggling to breathe. Which of the following options is not a correct description of anatomical dead space?
As a final year medical student, you are assisting a general surgeon in a busy outpatient clinic. A 53-year-old male patient presents with a swelling in his left groin.
Upon examination, the swelling is located superior and medial to the pubic tubercle, it is non-tender, easily reducible, and has a positive cough impulse. The surgeon suspects an inguinal hernia and informs you that there is an anatomical structure immediately above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament.
What is this anatomical structure?
What is the location of the Billroth cords?
Which type of cell makes up the majority of yellow bone marrow?
A 12-year-old girl is experiencing intense pain around her belly button that is spreading to her right iliac fossa. She has a fever and is vomiting on and off. The medical team has decided to perform a laparoscopic removal of her appendix. Can you identify the most frequent location of the appendix in the pelvis?