Med Student Finals Category: Paediatrics

MSFinals-4693

A 3-year-old child presents with a large bruise on the thigh after a fall. His mother notes that he has always been prone to bruising. Tests reveal: haemoglobin (Hb) 112g/l, platelets 186 × 109/l, prothrombin time (PT) 10 s, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) 70 s and normal bleeding time.
What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4695

A 10-month-old infant is brought to the ward following a visit to the emergency department due to seizures. The parents present a video of the contractions that seem to resemble colic. They also express worry about their child’s development, noting a change. An EEG and MRI head are conducted, revealing hypsarrhythmia and an abnormality, respectively. What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4696

A healthy toddler is playing outside but suddenly stops breathing. The toddler’s heart rate is over 100 bpm, but the skin colour is blue and the toddler is not moving. After calling for help and checking for a pulse, what is the most appropriate action to take?

MSFinals-4697

A 14-year-old high school student comes to your office with symptoms of depression. During the consultation, she reveals that she has been bullied for having sex with an 18-year-old boy in the same school. The sexual encounter was consensual and occurred only once, without the influence of drugs or alcohol.

What is the best immediate step to take?

MSFinals-4698

You are requested to assess an infant in the neonatal unit. The baby was delivered at 39 weeks gestation without any complications. The parents are hesitant to give their consent for vitamin K administration, citing their preference for a more natural approach. How would you advise the parents on the recommended practice for neonatal vitamin K?

MSFinals-4685

A 35 year old pregnant woman undergoes routine pregnancy screening blood tests and is found to have an elevated alpha-fetoprotein level. This prompts investigation with ultrasound scanning. The scan reveals a fetus with an anterior abdominal wall defect and mass protruding through, which appears to still be covered with an amniotic sac.
What is the standard course of action for managing this condition, based on the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4686

A 3-year-old girl is presented to the clinic by her mother complaining of ear pain and fever. During the examination of the chest, a murmur is detected. Which of the following features is not in line with an innocent murmur?

MSFinals-4687

A murmur is incidentally discovered by a GP in a 9-year-old girl. The murmur is described as a ‘continuous blowing noise’ heard below both clavicles. What type of murmur is most likely to be diagnosed?