A 10-year-old girl presents to the Emergency department with complaints of hip and knee pain following a minor fall from her bike. Upon examination, her knee appears normal but there is limited range of motion at the hip joint. What is the probable diagnosis?
A 26-year-old man presents with visual impairment and is diagnosed with Leber’s optic atrophy. Considering the mitochondrial inheritance pattern of this disorder, which of the following family members is at the highest risk of being affected?
A 4-month-old baby boy is found to have developmental dysplasia of the right hip during an ultrasound scan. The hip was noted to be abnormal during clinical examination at birth. What is the probable treatment for this condition?
A 15-year-old boy presents to the Emergency Department with hypotension following a rugby injury. During the game, he was tackled from the side and experienced intense pain in his left lower rib cage. On examination, the patient has a pulse of 140 bpm and a blood pressure of 80/40 mmHg. There is visible bruising over the left flank and tenderness upon palpation. What is the probable diagnosis?
Sarah is a 19-year-old woman who was admitted with a fever and disseminated rash. She had not been previously vaccinated and was in contact with her 2-year-old cousin who had developed a fever and disseminated blisters and vesicles containing clear fluid. After 2 weeks, she began to have a fever and flu-like symptoms. Similar clear-fluid filled vesicles and blisters developed 3 days later and she was admitted for further observation.
After 3 days of observation, Sarah noticed that one of the lesions on her thigh appeared to be red and becoming hot to touch. An area of skin approximately 3x3cm was erythematosus. The skin was marked and she was commenced on IV flucloxacillin. Over the coming 12 hours, the erythema around this lesion continued to spread. The pain around her leg increased in intensity, requiring morphine to take the edge off the pain. A blueish discolouration began to develop around the rash.
What is the likely organism that has caused the complication?
A mother brings her 6-week-old son to your GP. Her son has been experiencing coryzal symptoms for the past three weeks. He has now developed a cough which had caused concern. The mother describes coughing followed by periods in which the child stops breathing and turns blue. The child appears lethargic.
What is the most probable pathogen responsible for this illness?
A child is born at 28 weeks gestation and is transferred to the neonatal unit. After a few hours, the child shows signs of nasal flaring, chest wall indrawing, and appears to have jaundice. The observations show a heart rate of 75/min, a respiratory rate of 68/min, and a temperature of 38.2ºC. What is the most common organism responsible for the probable diagnosis?
A 3-year-old child has a 24-hour history of being generally unwell with a barking cough. Their parent says they make a loud noise when they breathe in and their symptoms are worse at night. They have a temperature of 38.5 °C.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A mother brings her 12-year-old boy into the Emergency Department. She is concerned as he has started to limp over the last few days and is in pain. There is no history of trauma; he has no temperature and is otherwise well. You notice he is overweight for his age.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A 9-year-old girl presents to the Emergency department with a three day history of limping. She has been experiencing illness recently. Upon examination, she has no fever and shows discomfort when moving her hip. What is the probable diagnosis?