Med Student Finals Category: Paediatrics

MSFinals-4638

A 9-year-old girl presents to a general practice appointment with her mother complaining of right-sided hip pain and occasional limp for the past month. The patient is feeling well, has no fever, and is in the 90th percentile for weight. She was born via spontaneous vertex vaginal delivery at term and had a normal newborn physical examination. On examination, there is limited range of motion in her right hip. A frog-leg hip x-ray is ordered, which reveals sclerosis of the right upper femoral epiphysis and moderate resorption of the femoral head. What is the most accurate diagnosis for this patient?

MSFinals-4639

Liam, a 13-year-old with learning difficulties, visits his GP clinic. Following a practice meeting, it is concluded that Liam does not possess the capacity to make decisions regarding his medical treatment. What principles should be prioritized when making decisions for Liam?

MSFinals-4640

A 2-month-old infant presents with intermittent episodes of cyanosis and tachypnoea, especially during times of distress. During examination, a harsh ejection-systolic murmur is detected. What is the most reliable indicator of the clinical severity of this condition?

MSFinals-4641

A 3-year-old boy was brought to his GP by his mother, who had noticed a slight squint in his left eye. During the examination, the GP observed that the red reflex was absent.
What is the most accurate description of this child’s condition?

MSFinals-4642

A loud systolic murmur, which extends into diastole and is ‘machinery-like’ in quality, is found in a toddler at his 18-month check-up. The murmur radiates to the back between the scapulae. His first heart sound is normal; the second sound is obscured by the murmur. He has bounding pulses. His mother reports that he is asymptomatic.
Which of the following is correct of this condition?

MSFinals-4643

A 12-year-old boy is presented by his father with a widespread skin rash. The boy has been experiencing itching for the past 3 days and has developed a fever along with the rash. During the examination, it is observed that the rash consists of macules, papules, crusted lesions, and vesicles that have spread across most of his body. The father has been administering ibuprofen to the boy for relief from fever and discomfort.
What is the probable diagnosis, and why is ibuprofen not recommended in this case?

MSFinals-4628

A newborn delivered 12 hours ago without any complications is showing signs of jaundice. The mother gave birth at home and has been breastfeeding, but is concerned about the baby’s skin color. The baby was born at 38 weeks gestation. What is the recommended course of action for management?

MSFinals-4629

You are requested to assess a neonate who is 2 hours old in the delivery suite. The baby was delivered through an elective Caesarean section. The mother’s antenatal history reveals gestational diabetes. During a heel prick test, the baby’s blood glucose level was found to be 2.2 mmol/L. What should be the subsequent course of action in managing the baby?

MSFinals-4630

You are consulting with a family whose daughter has been referred due to suspected learning difficulties. Whilst talking to her parents, you notice that she has a friendly and sociable personality. You begin to wonder if she might have William’s syndrome.

What physical characteristic would be the strongest indicator of this diagnosis?

MSFinals-4631

A 9-month-old girl is brought to the Emergency Department with a fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Her vital signs are as follows: temperature 38.5˚C, heart rate 170 bpm, respiratory rate 60/min, oxygen saturation 92% on room air, blood pressure 100/65 mmHg, capillary refill time is 3 seconds. Her parents report that she has been eating poorly for the past few days and has had a high temperature for the past 24 hours. A senior clinician has admitted her and started IV antibiotics, IV fluids, and supplemental oxygen. The patient is currently awake and alert.

According to the NICE pediatric traffic light system, which of the following in her presentation is a red flag?