Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-6669

A twenty-five-year-old male with Crohn’s disease is admitted to the gastroenterology ward. Despite infliximab therapy, the patient’s symptoms persist, and he complains of abdominal pain and high output through his stoma. On examination, he appears pale and cachectic, with a heart rate of 74/minute, regular respiratory rate of 14/minute, oxygen saturations of 99%, temperature of 38.2 ºC, and blood pressure of 122/74 mmHg. The stoma bag is situated in the left iliac fossa, and the stoma site is pink and spouted without evidence of infarction or parastomal hernias. What type of stoma does this patient have?

MSFinals-6670

Which of the following interventions is most likely to decrease the occurrence of intra-abdominal adhesions?

MSFinals-6671

A 55 year old man visits his doctor complaining of a swollen scrotum. Although he had no discomfort, his wife urged him to seek medical attention. Upon examination, there is a swelling on the left side of the scrotal sac that is painless and fully transilluminates. The testicle cannot be felt. What is the probable cause of this condition?

MSFinals-6672

A 32-year-old male patient with a history of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome presents to the clinic with a painful swelling in his right scrotum. Upon examination, a 4 mm lump is palpable behind and distinct from the right testicle. There is no significant scrotal enlargement, redness, or discomfort during urination. The patient has normal vital signs and is afebrile, and tumour markers are within normal limits. What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-6673

A 21-year-old man presents to his GP with a complaint of a lump in his scrotum that he noticed while showering. He reports feeling some discomfort in the area but denies any pain. He has been in a committed relationship with his girlfriend and had a clear sexual health screen two weeks ago.

Upon examination, the GP notes a soft mass on the anterior aspect of the right testis that cannot be distinguished from the testis itself. The lump is not tender to touch and transilluminates.

What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

MSFinals-6674

A 54-year-old woman without significant medical history visits her primary care physician complaining of a harsh, deep voice and painful swallowing that has persisted for four weeks. She also reports experiencing ear pain when swallowing. The patient has a history of smoking 20 packs of cigarettes per year and consuming 20 units of wine per week. Physical examination reveals no visible neck lumps or cervical lymphadenopathy, and direct visualization of the oropharynx is unremarkable. What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-6675

A 42-year-old male is set to undergo a laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia due to the presence of gallstones on abdominal ultrasound. All of his blood tests are normal and he is deemed suitable for surgery. However, he mentions to the medical team just before the anaesthesia is administered that he had a glass of orange juice without pulp prior to arriving at the theatre.

What is the best course of action for this patient?

MSFinals-6676

A 55-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with complaints of lower abdominal pain and intermittent haematuria over the past two weeks. She has no significant medical history and is not taking any medications. An abdominal ultrasound reveals a bladder lesion, and a flexible cystoscopy is performed, which confirms the presence of carcinoma-in-situ bladder cancer. What would be an appropriate treatment plan for this patient?

MSFinals-6647

A 50-year-old lady with claudication is evaluated and an ABPI test is conducted. The outcome reveals an ABPI reading of 1.3. What medical conditions could potentially cause this abnormal result?