MSFinals-6638
What is the term used to describe the force exerted by a muscle that causes a portion of the bone to detach from its point of insertion?
Archives: Medical Student Finals
MSFinals-6639
A 75-year-old woman is recuperating from an inguinal hernia surgery when she experiences a severe ischemic stroke. She is being treated on the rehabilitation ward. Nevertheless, she is still unable to eat securely, and multiple swallowing evaluations have revealed that she has a tendency to aspirate. What is the most suitable alternative for long-term feeding?
MSFinals-6640
A 68-year-old on the post-surgical ward has been experiencing persistent vomiting since their abdominal surgery for colorectal cancer 4 days ago. After a surgical evaluation, it has been determined that the patient does not require any additional surgery. The medical team is worried about the patient’s deteriorating nutritional status and decides that the patient needs to be treated for malnutrition. What is the most suitable treatment option?
MSFinals-6611
A 26-year-old male comes in with a painless lump in his testicle. During the examination, the lump is found to be hard and irregular. What is the most suitable test to order?
MSFinals-6612
A 26-year-old female patient arrives at the emergency department complaining of left-sided flank pain that has been ongoing for two hours. The pain radiates down towards her groin and is constant, unaffected by changes in position. She reports feeling nauseous and has vomited once. The patient has no significant medical history and is not taking any regular medications.
Upon examination, the patient is tender over the left costovertebral angle and shows signs of guarding, but no rebound tenderness. Her vital signs are heart rate 112/min, blood pressure 120/76 mmHg, temperature 38.1ºC, respiratory rate 14/min, and saturations 97%. An ultrasound scan of the kidneys reveals dilation of the renal pelvis on the left, while a CT scan of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder shows a 4 mm stone in the left ureter. What is the most appropriate course of action?
MSFinals-6614
An 80-year-old woman is recovering on the surgical ward two days after undergoing hemicolectomy for colorectal carcinoma. She has been instructed to fast. Her epidural fell out about twelve hours after the surgery, causing her significant pain. Despite the on-call anaesthetist being unavailable for several hours, the epidural was eventually replaced. The next morning, you examine her and find that she is now pain-free but complaining of shortness of breath. Additionally, she has developed a fever of 38.2º. What is the most probable reason for her fever?
MSFinals-6615
A 50-year-old man is at his pre-operative assessment for his scheduled hernia repair next week. During the consultation, he informs the anaesthetist that his father and brother had a reaction to an anaesthetic in the past, which was later diagnosed as malignant hyperthermia.
What medication should the anaesthetist avoid administering in this situation?
MSFinals-6616
A 65-year-old patient has sustained a traumatic burn injury and requires emergency surgery. The patient’s electrolyte levels are as follows:
Na+ 131 mmol/l
K+ 5.9 mmol/l
Urea 8.1 mmol/l
Creatinine 78 µmol/l
The patient is being prepared for anesthesia. Which of the following neuromuscular blockers should be avoided in this case?
MSFinals-6617
A General Practitioner refers a 6-week-old infant to the neurosurgery clinic due to observing an exponential increase in the child’s head circumference. What signs would indicate that the infant is suffering from hydrocephalus?
MSFinals-6618
A 32-year-old man presents with a painful swollen groin. He has also noticed stinging on urination and some clear discharge coming from his penis. He is sexually active with his partner of 3 months.
On examination, his heart rate is 96/min, respiratory rate is 18/min, blood pressure is 129/74 mmHg, and temperature is 38.2ºC. The left testicle is tender and erythematosus but the pain is relieved on elevation.
What is the most appropriate first-line investigation for the most likely diagnosis?