MSFinals-4431
Which one of the following statements regarding toddler spasms is incorrect?
Archives: Medical Student Finals
MSFinals-4401
A 2-day old infant comes in with progressive abdominal swelling and one instance of vomiting bile. The baby has not yet had a bowel movement. What aspect of the medical history would suggest the most probable diagnosis?
MSFinals-4402
A premature neonate is born at 32 weeks’ gestation and is noted to have low Apgar scores following birth. During a comprehensive review by the neonatology team, an echocardiogram demonstrates very poor right ventricular function. The mother has a history of hypertension and bipolar disease requiring lithium therapy.
Which one of the following maternal medical complications may have contributed to the infant’s condition?
MSFinals-4403
A mother has delivered a baby with significant microcephaly and a missing philtrum. During examination, a pansystolic murmur is detected. The mother did not receive any prenatal care at this hospital and cannot remember if any abnormalities were detected during the prenatal period. What maternal prenatal occurrences could have led to the infant’s abnormalities and presentation?
MSFinals-4404
You are working in a district general hospital and are asked to perform a routine check on a 6-month-old infant. You’re part of the paediatric team and haven’t had any access to the previous medical records.
On examination, the infant appears healthy with appropriate weight for age and has a strong cry. There are no signs of respiratory distress and no abnormal heart sounds on auscultation. However, you notice a cleft palate. What is the most likely association with this finding?
MSFinals-4405
A 14-year-old girl is brought into paediatric casualty with decreased level of consciousness. She has no past medical history. Her 7-year-old sister was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Family history is also otherwise unremarkable. Urgent arterial blood gas analysis reveals a surprising finding of blood glucose level of 2.1 mmol/l. This is confirmed on urgent formal blood glucose testing. She is transferred to the hospital’s high dependency unit (HDU) for monitoring and treatment. Blood tests taken shortly after admission reveal elevated insulin and low C-peptide levels.
What is the likely diagnosis?
MSFinals-4406
A 2-year-old girl is presented by her father with concerns about a rash that appeared after a recent fever, just as she was starting to recover. During the examination, you observe numerous pink-red papules and macules (2-5 mm in size) spread across her trunk, which disappear when touched. The child does not seem bothered by the rash and appears to be in good health with normal vital signs. What is the probable diagnosis?
MSFinals-4407
A 6-year-old girl comes to the emergency department with a 4-day history of fever. She has no medical history, allergies, is developing normally and is up-to-date on her immunizations.
Vital signs:
– Respiratory rate: 18
– SpO2: 97%
– Heart rate: 95
– Cap. refill time: 2 sec
– BP: 112/80 mmHg
– AVPU: Alert
– Temperature: 39.2ºC
During the examination, a rough-textured maculopapular rash is found to be widespread. Her tongue is swollen, red, and covered with white papillae, and her tonsils are erythematosus. All other system examinations are normal.
What is the most likely diagnosis based on these findings?
MSFinals-4408
A father brings his 5-year-old daughter to the paediatric emergency department. She has a fever and he has noticed raised nodes on her neck. Despite giving her paracetamol and ibuprofen, her temperature is not decreasing. Her lips have become extremely dry and cracked, and her tongue is red and slightly swollen. The father has also noticed that her feet are now red and puffy, and she is developing a widespread fine rash. What is the probable diagnosis?
MSFinals-4409
At what age and stage of schooling is a child typically offered the HPV vaccine?