A 3-year-old girl with a 2-day history of coughing is brought in by her father. The cough is non-productive in nature. On examination, she has no accessory muscle usage and is afebrile. On auscultation, she is noted to have a left-sided wheeze.
What is the most likely cause of this?
A 6-month-old girl is not gaining weight and has had repeated chest infections since birth. During examination, she appears weak and undernourished. A continuous murmur is heard most prominently under the left clavicle upon auscultation of the precordium. What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 6-year-old boy visits his GP with a productive cough and wheeze. During the examination, a 1/6 intensity systolic murmur is detected in the second intercostal space lateral to the left sternal edge. The murmur is not audible when the child lies flat. What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 14-year-old girl is brought to the Emergency Department by her parents due to experiencing left-sided hip pain over the past few days. Upon examination, X-rays reveal a slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE). What is the definitive treatment for this condition?
A father brings his 4-month-old daughter to the emergency department worried about her vomiting green liquid. Moreover, she has been crying and pulling her legs up on and off for the past day. The father mentions that she has always been fussy during feeding, but she has not eaten anything in the last 24 hours and has not had a bowel movement. What is the probable diagnosis for this infant?
A five-month-old girl arrives at the emergency department with a 10-hour history of fever, vomiting, and irritability. During examination, a bulging anterior fontanelle and reduced tone in all four limbs are observed. The patient’s vital signs are as follows: respiratory rate: 40/min, heart rate: 150/min, blood pressure: 75/45 mmHg, and temperature: 39.8ºC. What would be the most suitable initial medication to prescribe for this patient?
A 7-year-old boy presents to the paediatric emergency department with a 4-day history of vomiting and fever. He has no significant medical history. On examination, his urine dipstick is positive for nitrites, leukocytes, and blood. An abdominal ultrasound rules out a posterior urethral valve but shows retrograde flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder. What is the most suitable initial investigation for this probable diagnosis?
A 12-hour-old baby on the maternity ward has developed cyanosis, especially noticeable during crying, and a systolic murmur is audible on auscultation. The suspected diagnosis is transposition of the great arteries. What is the initial management for this infant?
A 14-month-old child presents to the emergency department with symptoms of feeling generally unwell, being off food, and bleeding from the back passage. The child’s mother reports no nausea or vomiting. On examination, the patient appears distressed and is tender in the right lower quadrant. No masses are felt in the abdomen. Vital signs show a heart rate of 170 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute, blood pressure of 68/37 mmHg, and temperature of 36.2 ºC. The patient has no known medical conditions or regular medications. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 5-day-old boy who was diagnosed prenatally with Down’s syndrome and born at 39 weeks gestation is brought to the hospital with complaints of bilious vomiting and abdominal distension. He has not passed meconium yet.
What is the probable diagnosis for this infant?