Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-4166

A worried 28-year-old mother expresses concern about a lump that has emerged on her infant’s head, stating with certainty that it was not present at birth and was only noticed half an hour ago. The baby was delivered vaginally with forceps 10 hours ago at 39 weeks gestation.

Upon examination, there is a clearly defined, soft swelling that does not cross suture lines and is located on the parietal bone. The baby appears to be in good health otherwise, with normal skin color and tone, as well as regular vital signs.

What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4167

You are working in the pediatric unit and examine a 6-month-old infant. On examination, you observe a small left-sided hematoma over the parietal bone. The hematoma is soft to touch and does not extend beyond the margins of the parietal bone. The infant is otherwise healthy. The infant was born at term via spontaneous vaginal delivery, and there were no prenatal or labor complications. What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4168

A 4-year-old girl presents with multiple petechiae and excessive bruising on her arms. She had been healthy until two weeks ago when she had a viral upper respiratory tract infection and was only given paracetamol by her doctor. Her mother noticed her symptoms half an hour ago and she has no fever. Blood tests show thrombocytopenia with all other parameters within normal range.
What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-4169

Each one of the following statements regarding ADHD is correct, except:

MSFinals-4170

A parent brings her 5-year-old son into surgery as she suspects he may have head lice. Which of the following statements about head lice is false?

MSFinals-4171

A 7-year-old girl presents with a 7-day history of an itchy rash, initially on her abdomen and now spreading across the rest of her torso and limbs. She is usually healthy and not taking any medications, and her family members are also well. Upon examination, she appears unwell and has a fever of 38.5 °C. There is a widespread vesicular rash with some papules and crusting, as well as newer papules. The skin is generally red, and there is some discharge from the vesicles. Physical examination reveals tender and swollen lymph nodes. She cries out in pain when you attempt to touch the vesicles as they are very sensitive to the touch.

What is the next best course of action in managing this patient?

MSFinals-4172

A 4-week-old infant, born at term, presents to the Emergency Department with persistent jaundice since birth, pale stools and dark urine. The infant is currently being breastfed.
What is the most probable reason for this infant’s jaundice?

MSFinals-4173

A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her father after noticing bruising on her arms. The bruising started 2 days ago and has gotten worse. The girl has no significant medical history, but had a mild cold 4 weeks ago. Upon examination, the only notable finding is extensive bruising on her upper limbs and neck. Routine blood tests were conducted and the results are as follows (with age-appropriate reference ranges): Hb 85 g/L (110-140), Platelets 68 * 109/L (150-450), WBC 19.0 * 109/L (5.0-17.0), Neutrophils 0.72 * 109/L (1.5-8.0).

What is the most probable underlying diagnosis?

MSFinals-4174

A 3-year-old girl presents to the Emergency Department with a 2-day history of diarrhoea and vomiting. She has only had small amounts to drink and is becoming increasingly lethargic. She has had five bowel movements but has only urinated once today. She is typically healthy. Her 5-year-old sister had similar symptoms a few days ago but has since recovered. On examination, she appears restless with sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes, and a CRT of 2 seconds. She is also tachycardic with a heart rate of 150 bpm. What is your assessment of her clinical fluid status?

MSFinals-4175

You assess a 6-year-old girl with cerebral palsy who is experiencing persistent spasticity in her legs resulting in contractures and pain. After discussing with her mother, you discover that she is receiving regular physiotherapy, utilizing appropriate orthoses, and has previously attempted oral diazepam. What treatment option could be presented to potentially enhance her symptoms?