A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and lands on his right arm. He is taken to the Emergency Department where an X-ray reveals a mid-humeral shaft fracture. There is no sign of a growing haematoma, and the patient has a strong radial pulse with good perfusion. Doppler studies of the arm show no evidence of bleeding.
What is the most probable condition that this patient is experiencing?
What is the next step in the management of Mary, a 19-year-old army recruit who is experiencing bilateral anterior shin pain during her basic military training? Mary reports a diffuse pain along the middle of her shin with tenderness along the anterolateral surface of the tibia and pain on resisted dorsiflexion. Her pain is more severe at the beginning of exercise but decreases during training.
A 78-year-old is brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance after a fall at home. She is experiencing right-hip pain and has limited range of motion in the right hip. Although there is no apparent fracture of the right hip or pelvis on plain X-ray (AP lateral view), the patient is still in significant pain and cannot bear weight. What is the preferred diagnostic test for a suspected hidden fracture?
A 55-year-old diabetic man experiences a gradual burning and tingling sensation in his right hand. He observes that his symptoms are more severe at night, frequently waking him up, and can only be alleviated by hanging his arm outside of the bed. Which nerve compression is likely responsible for this man’s symptoms?
A 12-year-old boy comes to the Emergency Department (ED) complaining of ankle pain, swelling, and bruising after an inversion injury while playing football. What clinical signs would indicate the need for an ankle X-ray?
A healthy 28-year-old woman wants to start preparing for an upcoming sports event. She undergoes exercise stress testing.
What is the most probable occurrence in this woman’s skeletal muscles during exercise?
A 54-year-old construction worker presents with complaints of pain and swelling in the right kneecap. The patient reports difficulty bending the knee, and the symptoms are impacting his ability to work.
Based on the history and examination, the clinician suspects a diagnosis of ‘housemaid’s knee’.
‘Housemaid’s knee’ is characterized by inflammation of the:
A 29-year-old professional tennis player experiences sudden shoulder pain while serving during a match. The tournament doctor evaluates him on the sideline and the player reports difficulty with raising his arm. Upon examination, the doctor finds that the patient is unable to initiate abduction of the arm, but is able to continue the motion when the doctor assists with a few degrees of abduction.
What is the probable reason for the player’s symptoms?
A 35-year-old woman comes to the Emergency Department following a fall while decorating on a chair. She experienced intense pain in her hip immediately after the fall. X-rays show a fracture in the left neck of her femur. She has a history of seizures and takes topiramate. Her menstrual cycle is regular, and she is a non-smoker and non-vegetarian. She works as a landscaper. What is the probable cause of her fracture?
A 75-year-old retired labourer visits his General Practitioner complaining of generalised pains in his hands. During the consultation, he mentions that the pain is more severe in the morning and after prolonged use. What clinical indication in his hands indicates the presence of osteoarthritic changes?