A 70-year-old man undergoing chemo-radiotherapy treatment for prostate cancer complains of poor appetite and nausea secondary to his treatment. He is finding it difficult to cope with his illness and has become depressed.
Which of the following may be the most suitable appetite stimulant for him?
A 68-year-old man with oesophageal cancer has completed two cycles of neo-adjuvant cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and is scheduled for his third cycle of chemotherapy in a week. He complains of pain, discharge, and redness around the site of his jejunostomy and has a fever of 38.5 °C. Upon examination, he is stable, with a clear chest and soft abdomen, but shows signs of infection around the jejunostomy. His renal function is normal, and he has no known drug allergies. A full blood count taken yesterday reveals a neutrophil count of 0.5 × 109/l.
What is the best course of action for managing this patient’s condition?
What is the most frequent location for a carcinoid tumor?
A 75-year-old woman comes in with weight loss and a serum calcium concentration of 3.22 mmol/l (normal range 2.1-2.8 mmol/l). Her skeletal survey shows no abnormalities. The doctors suspect non-metastatic hypercalcaemia. What is the probable substance being produced by the tumor?
An 80-year-old woman has been suffering from Paget’s disease of bone for over a decade. Lately, she has been experiencing increased pain in her lower back and hip region even when at rest. Upon conducting an X-ray, a destructive mass is observed in her bony pelvis. What is the probable diagnosis?
A young medical student is investigating the involvement of oncogenes in the formation of different types of cancers following an interview with a patient who has breast cancer linked to an oncogene.
Which oncogene promotes the growth of breast cancer?
A 67-year-old man visits his primary care clinic after being diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. He reports experiencing widespread pain, even though he is taking 30 mg of morphine tablets twice daily. Upon examination, his lungs are clear, and he does not display any neurological abnormalities. He denies having any headaches.
What is the most probable site of metastasis in this patient?
A 35-year-old woman has a solitary thyroid nodule that is confirmed to be a medullary thyroid tumour on histology. Which type of cells secrete the biochemical tumour marker used to monitor for recurrence?
A 65-year-old male with an inoperable oesophageal carcinoma has received a self-expanding metal stent to relieve his malignant dysphagia. However, he has now presented with acute dysphagia to fluids that has lasted for four hours. What is the most appropriate initial approach to manage this situation?
A 79-year-old man comes to you with a complaint of weight loss and fatigue that has been going on for 3 months. He reports upper abdominal discomfort that worsens after eating and lying down. He has also noticed that his stool has become pale in color and his son has observed that he appears very yellow. Additionally, he has had high blood glucose levels on two separate occasions. What tumour marker would you order next?