A 35-year-old woman arrives at 28 weeks gestation for her third pregnancy. During an ultrasound at 12 weeks, it was discovered that she was carrying dichorionic diamniotic twins. She is admitted to the hospital due to painless, bright red bleeding per vaginum. She has undergone two previous caesarian sections. What is the probable diagnosis?
A 28-year-old primigravida arrives at 39 weeks with ruptured membranes and bleeding. She reports a rush of cloudy fluid followed by persistent vaginal bleeding. Despite feeling anxious, she denies experiencing any localized pain or tenderness. Although her pregnancy has been uneventful, she has not attended her prenatal scans. The cardiotocography reveals late decelerations and bradycardia. What is the probable diagnosis?
You are working at a prenatal care center. A couple comes in who are 28 weeks pregnant. They had difficulty getting pregnant naturally but were able to conceive through their second attempt at IVF. This is their first child. During their 14 week ultrasound, the sonographer expressed concern about the placement of the placenta and they have returned for a follow-up scan today, which confirms the initial finding. What is the probable anomaly?
A 35-year-old woman with G4P3 at 39 weeks gestation presents to the labour ward following a spontaneous rupture of membranes. She delivers a healthy baby vaginally but experiences excessive bleeding and hypotension. Despite attempts to control the bleeding, the senior doctor decides to perform a hysterectomy. Upon examination, the pathologist observes that the chorionic villi have deeply invaded the myometrium but not the perimetrium.
What is the diagnosis?
A 28-year-old G2P1 woman arrives at the emergency department in the second stage of labour with the foetal head visible at the vaginal introitus. She has a history of a previous elective lower-segment Caesarean section, but no other significant medical history. Antenatal imaging revealed chorionic villi invasion into the myometrium, but not the perimetrium. Following delivery of the foetus, the patient experiences post-partum haemorrhage. What is the most probable cause of her post-partum haemorrhage?
A 33-year-old woman who is at 36 weeks gestation comes to the maternity unit for a routine check-up. Her pregnancy has been without any complications so far, and her blood pressure, urine dipstick, and fundal height are all normal. During a previous examination, a vertical scar from her previous pregnancy is visible on her abdomen, as the child was delivered via a caesarean section. She wants to discuss her delivery options and is interested in having a home birth. What is the most suitable delivery method for this patient?
A woman who is 20 weeks pregnant is worried after her recent antenatal scan revealed increased nuchal translucency. Besides Down’s syndrome, which condition is most commonly linked to this discovery?
A 46-year-old primiparous woman, who is 37 weeks pregnant, presents to the emergency department with a sudden onset of painful vaginal bleeding. She had been feeling unwell for a few days, experiencing lightheadedness upon standing. Despite being pregnant, she has not sought antenatal care, except for her initial booking visit.
Upon examination, her heart rate is 130 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 21 breaths per minute, and blood pressure is 96/65 mmHg. Her abdomen is tense, with a firm and fixed uterus.
What is the most likely risk factor for this complication in this pregnant woman?
A 28-year-old gravid 3, para 2 at 24 weeks gestation comes to the antenatal clinic to discuss delivery options for her pregnancy. She has a history of delivering her previous pregnancies through vaginal and elective caesarean section, respectively. What is the definite reason for not allowing vaginal delivery after a previous caesarean section?
A 35-year-old woman arrives at the emergency department five days after giving birth without any complications. Her husband brings her in after noticing a sudden change in her behavior. He reports that she appears confused and agitated. During the mental state examination, she describes having racing thoughts, feeling depressed, and having suicidal thoughts. Additionally, she exhibits pressured speech. What is the probable diagnosis?