Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-6368

A 28-year-old male patient visits their GP complaining of abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea that began six weeks ago. He has never experienced anything like this before and believes he may have lost some weight in the past three months. When asked about his family history, he mentions that his father was diagnosed with bowel cancer at the age of 30, and he remembers his grandfather having a stoma before he passed away when the patient was a child. The GP suspects bowel cancer and is concerned about a potential genetic abnormality. During colonoscopy, a large tumour is discovered in the ascending colon near the hepatic flexure, but the rest of the colonic mucosa appears normal. What is the most probable underlying genetic issue?

MSFinals-6369

A 50-year-old receptionist visited her GP due to a rash on her left nipple area. She expressed discomfort and itchiness in the areola region. Upon further inquiry, she revealed that the rash has persisted for 8 weeks and has not improved with the use of E45 cream. The patient has a history of eczema, which is usually managed with E45 cream. She also mentioned that the rash started on the nipple and has spread outwards to the areola. During examination, the rash appeared crusty and erythematosus, but it did not extend beyond the nipple-areola complex. What additional measures should be taken?

MSFinals-6370

A 26-year-old man comes to see you, his GP, with a lump on his left testicle. During a testicular examination, you detect a small lump at the top of the testicle that feels smooth and regular. It seems to be distinct from the testicle, and you can feel above it. What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-6345

A 26-year-old male is brought to the emergency department following a car accident where he sustained injuries to his cervical spine and left tibia. Upon assessment, his airway is open, but he is experiencing difficulty breathing. However, his chest is clear upon auscultation, and he has a respiratory rate of 18 breaths/min with an oxygen saturation of 96% in air. He appears flushed and warm to the touch, with a heart rate of 60 beats/min and blood pressure of 75/45 mmHg. What is the appropriate treatment for the likely cause of his presentation?

MSFinals-6346

A 54-year-old male arrives at the emergency department complaining of acute left-sided flank pain that extends to the groin. The pain is colicky and accompanied by nausea, but no fever or vomiting. The patient has a history of anxiety and depression and is currently taking sertraline. What is the recommended first-line analgesic for this probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-6347

A 35-year-old female presents to the emergency department with persistent right upper quadrant pain and jaundiced sclera, three weeks after undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She is anxious about the possibility of a surgical complication requiring revision surgery.
What is the probable cause of her symptoms?

MSFinals-6348

A 27-year-old man is in a physical altercation outside the hospital and loses consciousness after being struck in the head, hitting the ground with his head first. A junior doctor is alerted and needs to take action to protect his airway. Despite some minor bruising and scratches, there are no visible injuries or bleeding.

What should the junior doctor do next to ensure the patient’s airway is safeguarded?

MSFinals-6349

You are summoned to the neonatal ward to examine a newborn experiencing bilious vomiting. The infant was delivered at full term, has been diagnosed with Down’s syndrome, and is now four hours old. A double bubble sign is evident on an abdominal x-ray. What is the probable reason for the bilious vomiting in this neonate?

MSFinals-6350

A 48-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset epigastric pain that radiates to his back. He has vomited multiple times and admits to heavy drinking in the past two weeks. The patient is admitted and blood tests are taken. After receiving supportive treatment with intravenous fluids, he reports that the pain has subsided and he no longer feels nauseous or vomits.

What is the initial step to be taken regarding nutrition for this patient?

MSFinals-6351

A 49-year-old man presents with recurrent loin pain and fevers. Upon investigation, a staghorn calculus of the right kidney is discovered. Which organism is most likely responsible for the infection?