A 14-year-old boy comes to the clinic with his parents who are worried about his recurring abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and nausea that has been going on for two months. The pain is severe, occurs in the mornings, is intermittent, and can happen even during vacations. The boy’s weight is average, and there are no abnormalities found during the examination. What is the probable diagnosis?
A 27-year-old female visits her GP complaining of left-sided ear pain with discharge. Upon examination, the GP diagnoses otitis media and prescribes oral erythromycin due to the patient’s penicillin allergy. The patient has a history of severe asthma and takes salbutamol and budesonide inhalers regularly, as well as montelukast 10 mg once daily, aminophylline (as Phyllocontin Continus) 225 mg twice daily, and receives omalizumab infusions at her local respiratory center. Which of her regular medications require a dosage adjustment while she is taking antibiotics?
A 7-year-old boy has been diagnosed with mumps.
Which of the following complications would be unexpected for this condition?
A 50-year-old woman is suffering from a fungating metastatic breast cancer and is experiencing distress due to the foul-smelling discharge from the affected breast. This is causing significant social embarrassment. What is the best treatment option to alleviate this symptom?
The parents of an 8-year-old child are worried about his recent bed wetting, as he has been consistently dry at night for the past two years. What steps should be taken for this child?
A 25-year-old pregnant woman and her husband come to the genetic counselling clinic with concerns about the chance of their baby inheriting an autosomal-recessive genetic condition. The woman is a carrier of the condition, but her husband’s carrier status is unknown. Neither the woman nor her husband show any symptoms of the condition. The carrier rate of the condition is 1 in 100 in the general population. What is the likelihood of their baby being affected by the condition?
A young couple attends for genetic counselling. They are considering having a child and wish to discuss pre-implantation genetic screening. The husband of the couple has attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP) and has undergone prophylactic colectomy as a young adult. The husband’s mother also had the condition. The wife of the couple has no family history of cancer or colon polyps.
What counselling should they be given around the risk of their future child inheriting AFAP?
A 27-year-old primigravid woman at 10 weeks gestation visits her midwife for a routine booking appointment. She has sickle cell anaemia. Her partner’s sickle cell status is Hb AS. Her haemoglobin is 9.2 g / dl.
What is the likelihood of her baby having sickle cell disease?
A 50-year-old man visits his doctor with worries about an inherited disorder. His grandson, who is six years old, has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. He reports that no other family members have the condition. What is the likelihood that he carries the affected gene?
A couple attends for genetic counselling. They have a 3-year-old son who has cystic fibrosis (CF). They are considering having another child and wish to discuss the chances of their future children having CF.
What is the likelihood that their future children will be affected by CF?