Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-1165

What is the joint that is most frequently impacted by diabetic Charcot’s?

MSFinals-1166

A 30-year-old male presents with a painful right breast that has been bothering him for the past two months. He reports feeling tenderness and swelling during a squash match. Upon examination, palpable breast tissue is noted in both breasts with tenderness specifically in the right breast. Additionally, a non-tender lump of 3 cm in diameter is found in the right testicle, which does not transilluminate. What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-1167

A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight gain. Her blood work shows low levels of free T3 and T4, as well as low levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Even after receiving thyrotrophin releasing hormone, her TSH levels remain low. What is the diagnosis?

MSFinals-1137

A 23-year-old man presents to the Emergency Department after being involved in a fight. He had been in the shower after a gym session, when someone made a derogatory comment about his body, and that started the fight. A history reveals that he has had three girlfriends in the last 3 months, but none of the relationships have lasted. He admits that he struggles to achieve an erection. On examination, the patient is of normal height with normal pubic hair. His penis is small and his breasts are enlarged. He said that he had started growing breasts from the age of 11. This often caused him embarrassment. His blood pressure is 119/73 mmHg.
Which of the following syndromes must be ruled out?

MSFinals-1139

These results were obtained from a 43-year-old female. Her serum levels showed an elevated level of aldosterone and a low level of renin. Specifically, her Na+ level was 154 mmol/l (135–145 mmol/l) and her K+ level was 3.7 mmol/l (3.5–5 mmol/l). What condition are these results consistent with?

MSFinals-1140

A 50-year-old woman with a history of severe depression and a radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma one year ago presents with complaints of polyuria, nocturia, and excessive thirst. Her laboratory values show a serum sodium of 130 mmol/L (133-145), serum potassium of 3.6 mmol/L (3.5-5), serum calcium of 2.2 mmol/L (2.2-2.6), glucose of 5.8 mmol/L (3.5-6), urea of 4.3 mmol/L (3-8), and urine osmolality of 150 mosmol/kg (350-1000). What is the most likely diagnosis?

MSFinals-1141

A 35-year-old diabetic is discovered in an unconscious state and is transported to the Emergency Department. Upon admission, the patient’s body mass index (BMI) is measured at 26 kg/m2, and a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is established.
Regarding diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which of the following statements is accurate?

MSFinals-1142

A 57-year-old male presents for his first annual review of type 2 diabetes. He has also been experiencing osteoarthritis in his hips and 2nd/3rd metacarpophalangeal joints. His current medications include aspirin and metformin. Prior to starting a statin, his liver function tests are checked and reveal the following results: AST 78 U/L (5-40), ALT 88 U/L (5-40), Alkaline phosphatase 210 U/L (60-110), and Bilirubin 10 µmol/L (0-22). He does not consume alcohol and has a BMI of 24 kg/m2. He has tested negative for hepatitis B and C viruses, ANA, ASMA, LKM, and AMA. His caeruloplasmin levels are normal. What is the probable cause of his presentation?

MSFinals-1143

A 65-year-old man with diabetes and a history of chronic kidney disease visits for his regular check-up. The focus is on his elevated levels of phosphate and parathyroid hormone, despite having normal calcium levels. The doctor decides to prescribe a vitamin D analogue. What would be the most suitable option?