A 21-year-old student presents to his General Practitioner with intermittent watery diarrhoea and lower colicky abdominal pain. He has experienced these symptoms for two years and during this time has lost over a stone in weight. Recently he has noticed a strange red rash on his shins. Past medical history includes a diagnosis of a fissure-in-ano three years ago.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 35-year-old woman with Crohn’s disease presents with severe abdominal pain. Upon investigation, a small intestinal obstruction is discovered, and during surgery, a large stricture is found in the terminal ileum. As a result, approximately 90 cm of the terminal ileum had to be resected. What is the most common complication in this scenario?
A 65-year-old male patient is admitted with severe abdominal pain and is diagnosed with mesenteric vascular occlusion. The small bowel becomes gangrenous and requires resection. What is a potential complication of this surgical procedure?
A patient has been diagnosed with a melanoma on his left hand, which measures 1.5 cm. He is booked in to have surgery to remove it.
During the excision biopsy what margin size will be taken?
A 35-year-old man presents to his GP with a complaint of rectal bleeding that has been going on for 2 days. The bleeding worsens after passing stools. He has recently increased his fibre intake, but he still finds it very difficult to pass stools. Defecation causes him severe pain that lasts for hours. During the examination, you try to perform a DRE, but the patient experiences severe pain, making it impossible to complete the procedure. What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 78-year-old man comes to the General Practice after noticing blood in the toilet bowl following a bowel movement. He reports no other symptoms. During a digital rectal examination, you observe fresh blood in the rectum and feel a regular, circular mass in the midline through the anterior rectal wall.
What is the probable object being detected in the anterior rectum?
A 16-year-old girl presents with a 24-hour history of pain in the right iliac fossa. A pregnancy test is negative and bloods show a raised white cell count. Her parents tell you she has had a ‘cold’ for the past week. She also began to suffer from headaches two days before the pain.
The girl is taken to theatre for a laparoscopic appendicectomy. However, during the operation, the appendix is found to be completely normal.
How should the surgical team proceed?
What is the correct statement regarding the greater omentum when asked to identify it during an open repair of a perforated gastric ulcer by the operating surgeon, as observed by a medical student?
A 12-year-old girl presents to the General Practitioner (GP) with a 2-day history of abdominal pain and fever, associated with vomiting. Following examination, the GP suspects a diagnosis of acute appendicitis and refers the patient to the surgical assessment unit at the local hospital. With regard to acute appendicitis, which one of the following statements is correct?
A 55-year-old man visits his doctor, reporting rectal bleeding and a significant family history of colon cancer. The doctor refers him to a colorectal surgeon who orders a colonoscopy. The results show a cancerous tumor in the sigmoid colon after a biopsy and pathological analysis. What is the colon’s venous drainage, and where is colonic cancer likely to spread?