Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-0614

In a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial of a new medication looking at reduction in blood pressure, 200 patients were enrolled with 100 patients receiving the new medication and 100 patients receiving placebo.

In the treatment group, blood pressure decreased from a mean of 150/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg. In the control group, blood pressure decreased from a mean of 148/88 mmHg to 140/85 mmHg. The authors concluded that the new medication was effective in reducing blood pressure as p=0.02 (2-tailed test).

Which of the following statements is correct?

MSFinals-0615

How should a double blind placebo control clinical trial be conducted correctly?

MSFinals-0616

A 40-year-old male patient complains of paraesthesia in the central area of the dorsum of his foot and proximal toes, except the fifth. The first dorsal web space has normal sensation. Additionally, he experiences some weakness in foot eversion. Which nerve is most likely to be affected?

MSFinals-0617

In an international study comparing two treatment regimens (A and B) for thyroid cancer, 100 patients were randomly assigned to group A and 100 patients to group B. The five-year overall survival rate was found to be 70% in group A and 60% in group B (p = 0.02). Upon subgroup analysis, it was discovered that males in group A had a five-year overall survival rate of 80%, while males in group B had a rate of 65% (p = 0.01). What is the correct statement regarding these findings?

MSFinals-0587

A 2-week-old infant is presented to the Emergency department with complaints of lethargy, poor feeding, and weight loss. The mother reports that the baby was born healthy but has been exhibiting these symptoms for the past week. What clinical findings would suggest a possible diagnosis of galactosaemia?

MSFinals-0588

A 50-year-old woman visits the clinic complaining of generalized aches and pains. She has never been to the clinic before. Upon investigation, the results show that her renal function is normal, but her alkaline phosphatase is 185 IU/L (45-105), adjusted calcium is 2.23 mmol/L (2.2-2.6), phosphate is 0.78 mmol/L (0.8-1.35), albumin is 40 g/L (37-49), and gamma GT is 30 U/L (5-48). Her colleague requests a PTH level, which shows 6.1 pmol/L (0.9-5.4). What is the most probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-0589

A patient in their 60s with TB is undergoing induction phase treatment with Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Pyridoxine, and Rifampicin. Among these drugs, which one is most likely to result in peripheral neuropathy?

MSFinals-0590

Can you review a 73-year-old man who has experienced an inferior myocardial infarction? Upon admission, he presents with bradycardia, with a heart rate of 41, and a BP of 100/60 mmHg. Bilateral basal crackles consistent with heart failure are heard upon chest auscultation. Do you know which coronary artery typically supplies the sinoatrial node?

MSFinals-0591

What changes occur in the flow of blood through the heart within the first 24 hours after birth?

MSFinals-0592

You are examining a nuclear medicine scan of a 63-year-old man with chronic lower gastrointestinal bleeding and suspect a vascular malformation in the distal sigmoid colon. Can you identify the artery that supplies blood to the sigmoid colon?