MSFinals-6102
A 42-year-old African man reports painless haematuria during his urological history. He also discloses a previous Schistosoma haematobium infection. What type of cancer is he more susceptible to developing due to this infection?
Archives: Medical Student Finals
MSFinals-6103
An Emergency Department receives a 70-year-old man who slipped on ice and fell backwards, hitting his head on the kerb and landing on his right arm. The patient has a medical history of atrial fibrillation and is currently taking bisoprolol and warfarin. His INR was 2.2 four days ago. There are no visible injuries on his arm or scalp. What is the best course of action for his head injury?
MSFinals-6104
A 5-week-old girl is brought to the pediatrician by her father. He is worried about a ‘lump’ in the left side of her scrotum that has developed over the past week. The baby has been eating well, has not had any diarrhea or cold symptoms, and does not seem to be in any discomfort.
During the examination, a swelling is detected on the left side of the scrotum. It is possible to get above the swelling. The left testicle is easily palpable, but the right testicle is difficult to feel due to the swelling. On transillumination, the left hemiscrotum lights up.
What is the most appropriate course of action based on the given information?
MSFinals-6105
A 65-year-old man complains of dysuria and haematuria. He has no significant medical history, but reports working in a rubber manufacturing plant for 40 years where health and safety regulations were not always strictly enforced. A cystoscopy reveals a high-grade papillary carcinoma, specifically a transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. What occupational exposure is a known risk factor for this type of bladder cancer?
MSFinals-6106
A 44-year-old man with alcohol dependence presents to the emergency department with sudden onset epigastric pain. The pain is severe and radiates to his back. He admits to drinking two bottles of vodka the night before. His vital signs are stable, with a heart rate of 72/min, respiratory rate of 16/min, blood pressure of 128/70 mmHg, and temperature of 38.2 ºC. Laboratory results show:
Hemoglobin: 130 g/L (Male: 135-180, Female: 115-160)
Platelets: 280 * 109/L (150-400)
White blood cells: 5.8 * 109/L (4.0-11.0)
Bilirubin: 18 µmol/L (3-17)
Alkaline phosphatase: 80 u/L (30-100)
Alanine transaminase: 42 u/L (3-40)
Gamma-glutamyl transferase: 60 u/L (8-60)
Albumin: 38 g/L (35-50)
Calcium: 1.8 mmol/L (2.1-2.6)
Amylase: 1200 U/L (70-300)
Based on the likely diagnosis, which of the following factors is a predictor of poor prognosis for this patient?
MSFinals-6091
A seventy-one-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis is recovering on the ward 6 days following a right hemi-colectomy for a tumour in the ascending colon. He complains to the nurse looking after him that he has developed pain in his abdomen. The pain is diffuse and came on suddenly but has gradually been getting worse since onset. He ranks it an 8/10. He has not opened his bowels or passed flatus since the procedure.
On examination:
Blood pressure: 110/70 mmHg; Heart rate: 100/minute; Respiratory rate: 18/minute; Temperature: 38.5 ºC; Oxygen saturations: 97%.
Abdominal exam: abdomen is distended. Diffusely tender upon palpation and evidence of guarding throughout. No organomegaly. No pulsatile masses. Kidneys are non-ballotable. No shifting dullness. Absent bowel sounds.
There is feculent matter in the abdominal wound drain.
What is the most appropriate imaging modality to investigate this patient’s condition?
MSFinals-6092
A 22-year-old female comes to the emergency department complaining of lower abdominal pain. The pain began in the middle and is now concentrated on the right side. She reports that the pain is an 8 out of 10 on the pain scale. She is sexually active and not using any contraception except for condoms. During the examination, she experiences pain in the right iliac fossa and rebound tenderness. What initial tests should be conducted during admission to exclude a possible diagnosis?
MSFinals-6095
A 72-year-old male is recovering from carotid endarterectomy for an 80% stenosis of the carotid artery. After a smooth recovery period, the registrar examined the patient’s cranial nerves. Upon requesting the patient to protrude his tongue, it was observed that the tongue deviated towards the right side of the patient. Which nerve has been impacted?
MSFinals-6096
A 68 year old male has recently undergone transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with the use of 1.5% glycine as the irrigation fluid. The operation took longer than expected (1 hour 45 minutes) due to the size of the resection required for optimal gland flow. The patient is now exhibiting signs of agitation, confusion, and worsening breathlessness. A venous blood gas reveals that the patient is hyponatremic (118 mmol/l). What is the probable diagnosis?
MSFinals-6097
A 50-year-old woman arrives at the emergency department with severe pain in her right upper quadrant, along with a fever, rapid heart rate, and fast breathing. What is the most probable diagnosis for her condition?