A 2-year-old child has been referred by the pediatrician to the clinic as they are concerned about the child’s appearance. Upon examination, you observe that the child has upslanting palpebral fissures, prominent epicanthic folds, low-set ears, and a flat face. You proceed to conduct a neurological assessment.
What are the expected findings?
During a routine check-up, a 7 week-old baby boy is seen. His mother has a history of asthma and used inhaled steroids while pregnant. He was delivered via planned Caesarian at 39 weeks due to breech presentation and weighed 3.1kg at birth. What condition is he at a higher risk for?
A 12-year-old Nigerian girl is brought to the GP clinic by her mother. She has been experiencing headaches, fatigue, and body aches for the past week. She has also been complaining of a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. This morning, her mother noticed swollen glands on both sides of her neck. The mother asks if her daughter can still attend school.
What would be your advice to the mother?
A mother brings her 10-month-old baby to her pediatrician with concerns about her development. The baby was born at 37 weeks with a low birth weight of 2,100 grams. The mother reports that the baby is able to sit unsupported but tends to use her right hand only to grasp toys, even when they are on her left side. When a task requires both hands, the baby uses her left hand to assist the right, but it appears uncoordinated. What is the best course of action for management?
A 2 year old child is brought to the paediatric assessment unit by their mother due to a fever, barking cough, and difficulty breathing at night. The child has been diagnosed with croup and you have been requested to review their condition. Upon conducting a thorough history and assessment, you determine that there is no presence of stridor or respiratory distress. What would be your next course of action in managing this case?
A 22-month-old toddler presents to the GP with a barking cough and fever for 3 days. The fever has been responding to regular paracetamol. The child’s parent reports that the toddler is eating and drinking normally and has been urinating regularly. During playtime, the parent has noticed some increased breathing sounds, but they disappear when the child is at rest. There have been no febrile convulsions, rash, or drowsiness reported.
Upon examination, the toddler has a clear chest with no signs of increased work of breathing. An occasional barking cough is heard.
What is the most appropriate management for this toddler?
A 6-week-old girl is brought to the pediatrician by her father with symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea for the past 5 days. She has also developed a new rash that is bothering her and has a runny nose. The father denies any weight loss, fever, or other family members being sick.
Upon further questioning, the father reveals that he has recently introduced formula milk as he is planning to return to work soon and wants the baby to get used to it. The pediatrician suspects that the infant may have an intolerance to cow’s milk protein.
What would be the most appropriate alternative feed to try for this baby?
A 5-year-old boy presents with learning difficulties and macrocephaly. What is the probable diagnosis?
Fragile X is commonly associated with all of the following symptoms except?
A mother who refused regular prenatal check-ups delivers a male infant. During delivery, a defect is observed on the side of the belly button, revealing the intestines.
What could be the possible diagnosis?