A 26-year-old female with a past medical history of asthma presents to the Emergency Department with acute dyspnea, accompanied by a tingling sensation in her tongue and a rash after consuming a meal containing shellfish. Her symptoms improve with intramuscular epinephrine and nebulized salbutamol. What is the most effective diagnostic test to confirm if this event was caused by anaphylaxis?
After being stung by a bee, a 20-year-old man visits his General Practitioner with swollen face and lips, along with wheezing. He is experiencing breathing difficulties and his blood pressure is 83/45 mmHg as per manual reading.
What would be the most suitable course of action to manage this situation?
A 32-year-old woman presents to her General Practitioner with a 4-week history of diarrhoea, opening her bowels up to 2–3 times per day. She also complains of intermittent bloating and abdominal pain mostly prior to opening her bowels. There is no history of fever or vomiting and she has no past medical history of note. She returned from Thailand two weeks ago.
Stool microscopy: trophozoites and cysts are seen.
Given the likely diagnosis, what is the recommended management for this patient?
Select the SINGLE most appropriate management from the list below.
A 22-year-old man comes to his General Practitioner complaining of frequent watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain, flatulence and nausea. Upon stool analysis, an elevated osmotic gap is detected with a pH < 6. The hydrogen breath test is positive.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A new father is curious as to when his toddler will be receiving her vaccines. He is particularly interested in the six-in-one vaccine which he has heard about from some friends at playgroup. When is the six-in-one vaccine given to toddlers?
A 27-year-old man presents to the Genitourinary Medicine Clinic with an 8-day history of dysuria and creamy urethral discharge. He has never had urethral discharge before and is very concerned. His past medical history includes childhood asthma and he is otherwise well with no allergies. During the consultation, he discloses that he had unprotected sexual intercourse two weeks ago.
On examination, his observations are within normal limits. His abdomen is soft and nontender with no palpable lymphadenopathy. There are no visible rashes. High urethral swabs are taken which show the presence of Gram-negative diplococci.
Given the likely diagnosis, what is the most appropriate management for this patient?
Select the SINGLE most appropriate management from the list below.
Select ONE option only.
A 7-year-old child visits the pediatrician with symptoms of recurrent sinusitis. After reviewing the child’s medical history, the pediatrician discovers that the child has had multiple respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in the past. The pediatrician suspects a possible primary immunoglobulin deficiency and wants to conduct further tests.
What investigation is necessary to confirm a primary immunoglobulin deficiency in this case?
A 38-year-old, atopic, healthcare worker presents with red wheals and itchy hands within 20 minutes of wearing latex gloves.
Which of the following is the most appropriate investigation to perform to establish a diagnosis?
A 15-year-old boy presents to his General Practitioner as he has been suffering from recurrent infections for the last few months. He has also been losing weight. He has taken four courses of antibiotics in the last six months for various respiratory tract infections. He also experienced an episode of shingles that took a few years to clear after becoming secondarily infected.
On examination, he is pale and underweight, with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5 kg/m2. He has fine, downy hair on his back, abdomen and forearms. His temperature is 35.9 °C. His blood pressure is 90/45 mmHg while his pulse is 52 bpm.
What is the most likely cause of this patient’s immunodeficiency?
A 12-year-old boy with a history of eczema and asthma suddenly experiences breathlessness, nausea, and swelling of the face after eating a chicken skewer at a party. A 999 call is made, and his friends report that his skin is covered in raised red bumps and his lips are turning blue. What is the most appropriate immediate management for this patient?