MSRA-0842
A 35-year-old Jewish woman has been diagnosed with breast cancer and found to be BRCA1-positive. What type of cancer is she most susceptible to developing?
Archives: MSRA
MSRA-0843
A 6-month-old infant presents to the Emergency Department with respiratory distress. The child has epicanthic folds and a single palmar crease. Genetic testing confirms an autosomal trisomy. What is the most frequent cardiac anomaly observed in infants with this disorder?
MSRA-0844
A 12-year-old girl comes to her GP with a complaint of amenorrhoea. Her parents inform the doctor that she requires extra support at school due to learning difficulties. During the examination, the doctor observes sparse breast development, broad shoulders, a wide neck, and elevated blood pressure. What is the most probable chromosomal abnormality in this patient?
MSRA-0845
A 33-year-old man presents to the Emergency Department with acute chest pain described as tearing in nature. Upon clinical examination, a diastolic murmur consistent with aortic regurgitation is detected. Further investigation with chest computerised tomography (CT) confirms the presence of an ascending aortic dissection. The patient has a medical history of spontaneous pneumothorax and upward lens dislocation, but no significant family history. What is the probable underlying diagnosis?
MSRA-0846
A preterm baby boy is found to have meconium ileus shortly after birth.
Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with meconium ileus?
MSRA-0847
A 38-year-old woman comes in for her routine anatomy ultrasound scan at 20 weeks’ gestation. The ultrasound reveals significant fetal structural abnormalities, such as holoprosencephaly, cleft palate, short limbs, polydactyly, bilateral club feet, enlarged kidneys, and polyhydramnios.
What is the probable underlying condition of the unborn child?
MSRA-0848
A 35-year-old pregnant woman and her husband are informed at the 20-week antenatal scan of the presence of echogenic bowel in the male fetus. They had been trying to conceive unsuccessfully for three years until investigations revealed oligospermia and this pregnancy was a result of intrauterine insemination. Both parents are aged 35 years old. The father has had several episodes of upper respiratory tract infections that have required antibiotics and he has been admitted to hospital in the past with acute gastritis. The mother is fit and well without any significant past medical history.
Which of the following would be the most appropriate next investigation?
MSRA-0818
A 64-year-old man is scheduled for a follow-up after a positive faecal occult blood test as part of the national screening programme. While discussing colonoscopy, he inquires about the percentage of patients with a positive faecal occult blood test who have colorectal cancer. What is the most precise response?
MSRA-0819
A 48 year old man presents to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain and feeling unwell. He is typically in good health and enjoys long distance running. His medical history includes a previous finger injury from playing cricket and gallstones that have not caused any issues. During examination, his sclera is noted to be icteric. His heart rate is 106 bpm and his blood pressure is 125/85 mmHg. He has a temperature of 38.1ºC. There is significant rebound tenderness and guarding in the right upper quadrant, and his bowel sounds are quiet. What is the most probable diagnosis?
MSRA-0820
A 65-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with severe abdominal pain that is typically worst shortly after eating a meal. He admits to regularly drinking at least 30 units of alcohol per week for the last 35 years and has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus by his GP. An abdominal CT scan shows calcification of his pancreas.
What tests can be used to assess the exocrine function of the pancreas, given the likely diagnosis?