A 72-year-old man with atrial fibrillation (AF) experiences colicky abdominal pain after eating a large meal; this has been happening consistently for the past 3 weeks, causing him to develop a fear of eating.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 32-year-old man visits the general surgery practice with a 2-year history of occasional abdominal discomfort, bloating and change in bowel habit, which alternates between loose stools and constipation. He reports that these episodes are most intense during his work-related stress and after consuming spicy food. There is no history of weight loss or presence of blood or mucus in the stool. Physical examination, including digital rectal examination, is unremarkable. Bloods, including full blood count, liver function test, thyroid function test and coeliac screen are all normal.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A 56-year-old man is admitted to the Emergency Department. His wife reports that he has been experiencing worsening confusion for approximately one week. Upon examination, there are evident indications of chronic liver disease, along with nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia. The patient appears highly confused. His liver function tests (LFTs) are normal except for elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), a full blood count reveals macrocytosis, and blood glucose levels are normal. What is the most appropriate diagnosis for this clinical presentation?
A 35-year-old woman complains of rectal bleeding and discomfort during bowel movements for the past two weeks. She has a history of poor dietary habits and chronic constipation. Upon wiping, she notices fresh blood on the toilet paper. During examination, her abdomen is soft and nontender, and rectal examination is painful but reveals no masses.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 28-year-old woman comes in for a check-up. She has a history of perianal abscess, but no other significant medical issues. Over the past few months, she has visited the Emergency Department twice due to persistent abdominal pain. She has also experienced occasional episodes of bloody diarrhea. Blood tests reveal microcytic anemia and mild hypokalemia. Her albumin levels are low, but her liver function tests are normal. Barium imaging shows a small bowel stricture with evidence of mucosal ulceration, as well as normal-looking mucosa and skip pattern lesions. Based on these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?
A 25-year-old student presents to his General Practitioner with symptoms of a flu-like illness. He reports not having eaten for the past 48 hours. During examination, mild jaundice is observed, but no other significant physical findings are noted. The patient’s total serum bilirubin level is elevated at 60 μmol/l (reference range < 20 μmol/l), while the other liver function tests (LFTs) are normal. Full blood count (FBC), urea and electrolytes, and haptoglobins are within normal limits. What is the most likely diagnosis for this clinical presentation?
A 62-year-old woman presents to her General Practitioner complaining of a 3-day history of acute left-sided abdominal pain, diarrhoea and fever. She has a history of chronic constipation. On examination she is tachycardic and there is localised peritonism in the left iliac fossa.
What would be the next most appropriate step in this patient’s management?
A 42-year-old man with known gallstones awaiting elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy attends his general practice surgery, complaining of a fever. He also has flu-like symptoms and pain in his abdomen.
On examination, his temperature is 38.5 °C. His pulse is 120 bpm. He has yellow sclera and an abdomen which is soft but tender in the right upper quadrant.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Select the SINGLE most likely diagnosis from the list below. Select ONE option only.
A 23-year-old man presents to his general practitioner (GP) with a nodular rash over his shins, which was dusky blue in appearance at first but has now faded to a bruise-like appearance. His past history of note includes intermittent diarrhoea, occasionally with blood. There is no other past history of note. On examination, there is minor tenderness on the left side of his abdomen, and proctoscopy reveals moderate inflammation of the rectum. Blood testing reveals a raised C-reactive protein (CRP) level and normochromic/normocytic anaemia.
Which diagnosis best fits this clinical picture?
You are asked to review an 80-year-old woman in the clinic who has been referred by her GP due to weight loss, early satiety and increasing anorexia. On examination, the GP notes a palpable left supraclavicular node and an epigastric mass, but no jaundice. There is microcytic anaemia, with normal liver enzymes. Her past history includes excess consumption of alcohol and a 30-pack-year smoking history.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?