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  • Question 1 - A 52-year-old woman visits her local pharmacy to get medication to help with...

    Correct

    • A 52-year-old woman visits her local pharmacy to get medication to help with mild dyspepsia symptoms. The pharmacist on duty suggests she uses an over-the-counter antacid. She purchases an antacid that contains magnesium carbonate, which relieves her symptoms, but she unfortunately also develops a side effect.Out of the following, which side effect is she MOST likely to develop after using the antacid?

      Your Answer: Diarrhoea

      Explanation:

      Magnesium carbonate is an over the counter antacid commonly used to relieve symptoms in ulcer dyspepsia and non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux.Antacids containing magnesium also tend to work as a laxative, while the antacids with aluminium may cause constipation. There is no significant increased risk of anaphylaxis, hepatotoxicity or renal impairment.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
      • Pharmacology
      796.9
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - A 60-year-old female has a past medical history of diverticular disease. She now...

    Correct

    • A 60-year-old female has a past medical history of diverticular disease. She now presents in the clinic with crampy abdominal pain. The nurse at the triage suggests prescribing hyoscine butyl bromide to help relieve the abdominal pain. However, after administering this treatment, the patient develops a side-effect to the medication. What side-effect of using hyoscine butyl bromide is she MOST likely to develop out of the following?

      Your Answer: Dry mouth

      Explanation:

      Hyoscine butylbromide is an antispasmodic drug that blocks muscarinic receptors and reduces intestinal motility. It is used for gastrointestinal and genitourinary smooth muscle spasms and symptomatic relief of IBS.It has the following side-effects:1. Constipation2. Dizziness3. Drowsiness4. Dry mouth5. Dyspepsia6. Flushing7. Headache8. Nausea and vomiting9. Palpitations10. Skin reactions11. Tachycardia12. Urinary disorders13. Disorders of vision

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
      • Pharmacology
      14.4
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - A 55-year-old woman with mild dyspepsia seeks advice from her pharmacist on how...

    Correct

    • A 55-year-old woman with mild dyspepsia seeks advice from her pharmacist on how to deal with her symptoms. In the first instance, the pharmacist advises her to take an over-the-counter antacid. She buys an antacid that contains aluminium hydroxide, which relieves her symptoms but has a negative side effect.She's most likely to have developed which of the following side effects?

      Your Answer: Constipation

      Explanation:

      Aluminium hydroxide is a common antacid that is used to treat ulcer dyspepsia and non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.When antacids containing aluminium salts are given to patients with renal impairment, there is a risk of accumulation and aluminium toxicity. If renal function is normal, aluminium accumulation does not appear to be a risk.Because it reduces gastrointestinal phosphate absorption, aluminium hydroxide can also be used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with renal failure.Magnesium-based antacids are generally laxative, whereas aluminium-based antacids can be constipating. Renal impairment, angioedema, and anaphylaxis are not significantly increased.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
      • Pharmacology
      9.8
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - A 72-year-old man has a past medical history of diverticular disease. He now...

    Incorrect

    • A 72-year-old man has a past medical history of diverticular disease. He now presents in the clinic with crampy abdominal pain. The nurse at the triage suggests prescribing hyoscine butyl bromide to help relieve the abdominal pain. However, you do not agree with this medication, as you can see on his chart that the patient has several other comorbidities. Out of the following, what is NOT a contraindication to using hyoscine butyl bromide?

      Your Answer: Severe ulcerative colitis

      Correct Answer: Prostatic hyperplasia

      Explanation:

      Hyoscine butylbromide is an antispasmodic drug that blocks muscarinic receptors and reduces intestinal motility. It is used for gastrointestinal and genitourinary smooth muscle spasms and symptomatic relief of IBS.It has the following contraindications: 1. Closed-angle glaucoma2. Gastrointestinal obstruction3. Intestinal atony4. Paralytic ileus5. Toxic megacolon6. Severe ulcerative colitis7. Significant bladder outflow obstruction8. Urinary retention9. Myasthenia gravisUse cautiously in the following conditions: 1. Acute myocardial infarction (in adults)2. Arrhythmias (may be worsened)3. Autonomic neuropathy4. Hypertension5. Cardiac insufficiency (due to association with tachycardia)6. Congestive cardiac failure (maybe worsened)7. Cardiac surgery (due to association with tachycardia)8. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease9. Ulcerative colitis10. Prostatic hyperplasia11. Use in children (increased risk of side effects)

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
      • Pharmacology
      35.8
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Gastrointestinal Pharmacology (3/4) 75%
Pharmacology (3/4) 75%
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