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Question 1
Incorrect
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A Blood group A-ve mother gives birth to a baby who develops severe jaundice within the first 24 hours of delivery. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Your Answer: ABO incompatibility
Correct Answer: Rh incompatibility
Explanation:Jaundice is considered pathologic if it presents within the first 24 hours after birth. Although up to 60 percent of term new-borns have clinical jaundice in the first week of life, few have significant underlying disease.1,2 However, hyperbilirubinemia in the new-born period can be associated with severe illnesses such as haemolytic disease, metabolic and endocrine disorders, anatomic abnormalities of the liver, and infections. The risk factors here is the mothers blood ground which suggests the cause is fetal-maternal blood group incompatibility.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 2
Correct
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A 12 year old boy with type I diabetes was reluctant to go to school. According to him, he was unhappy at the school. Which of the following is the next appropriate step?
Your Answer: Clinical psychologist
Explanation:The child’s problem should be assessed properly to find the reason for unhappiness at the school. There can be many reasons such as bullying at school, abuse etc. A clinical psychologist should assess this child to take the necessary details and plan the further management.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 3
Incorrect
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Which of the following are not a recognized feature of Down's syndrome?
Your Answer: Susceptibility to acute leukaemia
Correct Answer: Ataxic gait
Explanation:Ataxic gait is not a direct association of Down’s syndrome. All other given responses are associated with Down’s syndrome.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 4
Incorrect
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A 1-week-old baby presents with a large blue bruise-like mark on his back. His mother noticed the mark that same morning and she is concerned about its severity. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Your Answer: ITP
Correct Answer: Mongolian spot
Explanation:Mongolian spots, otherwise called congenital dermal melanocytosis, are pigmented birthmarks. They are usually located on the buttocks or back and although they’re usually present at birth, they may appear soon after. They are flat and have a blue-grey colour (bruise-like). They are benign and present no health risk.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 5
Incorrect
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A child on 70% O2 suddenly crouches down whilst playing to help with breathing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Your Answer: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Correct Answer: Tetralogy of Fallot
Explanation:Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), a congenital heart defect, includes the following: right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, abnormal position of the aorta and pulmonary valve stenosis. The O2 saturation in patients with TOF is typically lower than normal and the condition usually becomes symptomatic early in life. A feature of the disease with high diagnostic significance is squatting or crouching of the infant as a compensatory mechanism to increase the peripheral vascular resistance.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 6
Correct
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A previously well 7-week-old infant was admitted complaining of projectile vomiting following each feed. He was dehydrated on admission and IV fluids were started. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Your Answer: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Explanation:Projectile vomiting is the hallmark symptom of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. It is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infancy, which has a male-to-female predominance of 4-5:1. Current management recommendations include ultrasonography for diagnosis, correction of electrolytes, and surgical intervention.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 7
Correct
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A 3 year old boy is brought to the emergency by his parents with worsening ataxia. They also mention that the boy's urine has a distinct sweet odour. Further investigations reveal the presence of leucine, isoleucine and valine in the urine. What is the diagnosis?
Your Answer: Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Explanation:Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting branched-chain amino acids. It is one type of organic academia. The condition gets its name from the distinctive sweet odour of affected infants’ urine, particularly prior to diagnosis, and during times of acute illness. MSUD, also known as branched-chain ketoaciduria, is an aminoacidopathy due to an enzyme defect in the catabolic pathway of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 8
Incorrect
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A 15-year-old boy observed a bluish painless swelling in his left scrotum. It is soft and can be compressed. What would you do next?
Your Answer: Antibiotic
Correct Answer: Reassurance
Explanation:The boy seems to have a varicocele so the most appropriate next step would be reassurance. A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum called the pampiniform plexus. A varicocele only occurs in the scrotum and is very similar to varicose veins that can occur in the leg. Because a varicocele usually causes no symptoms, it often requires no treatment.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 9
Incorrect
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A 2 year old male is able to run down the stairs and say mama and dada. He can understand what he is saying and can say one word. How is this child developing?
Your Answer: Normal
Correct Answer: Delayed speech
Explanation:This child is experiencing delayed speech. By the age of 2, a child should be able to combine at least 2 words to make a very simple sentence.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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Question 10
Incorrect
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A child presents with a history of recurrent tonsillitis. His mother claims he had three attacks in one year. What is the best management?
Your Answer: Refer to ENT
Correct Answer: Treat when ill
Explanation:At least seven episodes in the previous year, five episodes in each of the previous two years, or three episodes in each of the previous three years are indications for tonsillectomy. Antibiotics should be administered in the conventional dosage for proved or suspected streptococcal episodes. For now the child should be treated on a case by case basis.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Child Health
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SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
