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Question 1
Incorrect
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Fetal immunoglobulin production begins at what gestation?
Your Answer: Week 6
Correct Answer: Week 10
Explanation:Fetal production of immunoglobulin begins early on, at about 10 weeks gestation with the production of IgM antibodies. Maternal IgG, which is a key component of fetal immunity, is passed on to the foetus through the placenta from 12 weeks of gestation. Secretory IgA is not produced until after birth.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 2
Incorrect
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At what stage of gestation does maternal immunoglobulin G transfer to the foetus start?
Your Answer: 6 weeks
Correct Answer: 12 weeks
Explanation:Transportation of the maternal IgG through the placenta starts around the 12 week of gestation.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 3
Correct
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Which Immunoglobulin (or antibody) is secreted in large amounts in breast milk?
Your Answer: IgA
Explanation:When considering immunoglobulins in neonates. There are only a few key points you are likely to be tested on. 1. IgA is resistant to stomach acid and found in large amounts in breast milk. 2. IgG is the only Ig that can cross the placenta so is key for passive neonatal immunity 3. When the neonate starts synthesising its own Ig it is IgM that is produced first.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 4
Correct
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Which of the following cell types act as professional antigen presenter cells (APCs)
Your Answer: Macrophages
Explanation:Macrophages are the antigen presenting cells, they phagocytose the pathogen and after breaking them down present their protein structure to the B and T cells for a specific immune reaction to take place.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 5
Incorrect
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Question 6
Correct
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You see a patient in antenatal clinic who is concerned that she has never had chicken pox and may catch it during pregnancy. You check her Varicella status and she is non-immune. She asks you about vaccination. What type of vaccine is the varicella vaccine?
Your Answer: Attenuated
Explanation:Varicella is a live vaccine. The recent RCOG green top guidelines suggest vaccine can be considered postpartum or pre pregnancy but NOT whilst pregnant. In the non-immune pregnant woman they should be advised to avoid contact with people with chickenpox or shingles and to contact a healthcare professional promptly if exposed. If they have a significant exposure VZIG should be offered as soon as possible.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 7
Correct
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Question 8
Incorrect
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You have just clerked in a patient on the labour ward who has SLE. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is SLE an example of?
Your Answer: Type II
Correct Answer: Type III
Explanation:SLE is a type III hypersensitivity reaction
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 9
Correct
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Haemolytic Disease of the New-born falls into what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Your Answer: Type II
Explanation:It is classified under type II hypersensitivity reaction. Antibodies are formed against the rhesus antigen i.e. D antigen. Hence when the Antibody reacts with the antigen on the RBC it results in activation of the complement cascade leading to lysis.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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Question 10
Correct
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Macrophages are derived from what type of white blood cell?
Your Answer: Monocytes
Explanation:Macrophages are derived from monocytes. When monocytes come across a pathogen they differentiate into macrophages for phagocytosis to occur.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Immunology
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