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Question 1
Correct
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During difficult labour, mediolateral episiotomy is favoured to midline episiotomy because?
Your Answer: Less extension of the incision
Explanation:Mediolateral episiotomy is favoured to midline episiotomy because there is less extension of the incision and decreased chances of injury to the anal sphincter and rectum.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 2
Correct
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A pregnant female recently underwent her antenatal screening for HIV and Hepatitis B. Which of the following additional tests should she be screened for?
Your Answer: Rubella, Toxoplasma and Syphilis
Explanation:A screening blood test for the infectious diseases HIV, Syphilis, Rubella, Toxoplasmosis and Hepatitis B is offered to all pregnant females so as to reduce the chances of transmission to the neonate.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 3
Incorrect
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A 29-year-old pregnant woman in her first trimester of pregnancy presented to the medical clinic for routine antenatal care. Upon interview and history taking, it revealed that she is positive for Hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb). She is now concerned about transmitting the virus to her baby. Which of the following is considered correct about the patient's condition?
Your Answer: The baby should be screened for hepatitis C shortly after delivery
Correct Answer: Fetal scalp blood sampling should be avoided
Explanation:Invasive procedures as fetal scalp blood sampling or internal electrode and episiotomy increase vertical transmission of HCV, especially in patients with positive HCV RNA virus load at delivery that is why it should be avoided.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 4
Incorrect
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Endometriosis is an example of which of the following?
Your Answer: Pathological metaplasia
Correct Answer: Pathological hyperplasia
Explanation:Endometriosis is a condition in which the endometrial tissue lies outside the endometrial cavity. There are 4 theories which explain this. First is pathological hyperplasia resulting in menstrual regurgitation and implantation, second is the coelomic epithelium transformation, third is immunogical factors and the fourth is via the lymphatic or vascular spread.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Clinical Management
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Question 5
Incorrect
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A 27-year-old G1P0 woman who is at 14 weeks of gestation presented to the medical clinic complaining of persistent nausea and vomiting. Upon history taking and interview, she reported that she frequently had poor appetite and felt lethargic. From her pre-pregnancy weight, it was also noted that she had 3% weight loss in difference. Upon further clinical observation, she looked dry, accompanied with coated tongue. If the diagnosis of “hyperemesis gravidarum” is to be considered, which of the following will most likely confirm that diagnosis?
Your Answer: 3% weight loss
Correct Answer: she looks dry with coated tongue
Explanation:Hyperemesis gravidarum refers to intractable vomiting during pregnancy, leading to weight loss and volume depletion, resulting in ketonuria and/or ketonemia. There is no consensus on specific diagnostic criteria, but it generally refers to the severe end of the spectrum regarding nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
Hormone changes wherein hCG levels peak during the first trimester corresponds to the typical onset of hyperemesis symptoms. It is well-known that the lower oesophageal sphincter relaxes during pregnancy due to the elevations in estrogen and progesterone. This leads to an increased incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in pregnancy, and one symptom of GERD is nausea.
Hyperemesis gravidarum refers to extreme cases of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The criteria for diagnosis include vomiting that causes significant dehydration (as evidenced by ketonuria or electrolyte abnormalities, and the dry with coated tongue) and weight loss (the most commonly cited marker for this is the loss of at least five percent of the patient’s pre-pregnancy weight) in the setting of pregnancy without any other underlying pathological cause for vomiting.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Obstetrics
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Question 6
Incorrect
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Oligohydramnios is defined as an amniotic fluid index of?
Your Answer: < 5 mm
Correct Answer:
Explanation:AFI involves measuring the depth of amniotic fluid pockets in all 4 quadrants.
Oligohydramnios AFI< 5cm or deepest amniotic fluid pocket < 2cm
Polyhydramnios AFI > 25cm or deepest amniotic fluid pocket > 8cm -
This question is part of the following fields:
- Biophysics
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Question 7
Incorrect
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A 52-year-old female patient on HRT for the past two years wonders how often she should have breast cancer screenings. Which of the following responses is the most appropriate?
Your Answer: Mammography every 3 month s as long as HRT continues
Correct Answer: Mammogram every two years until the age of 70
Explanation:Some confusion regarding breast cancer screening arose in 2009 when the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued new mammogram guidelines. The task force recommended that screening mammograms be conducted every two years, beginning at age 50, for women with an average risk of breast cancer. For women aged 40 to 49, the decision of whether to have annual mammograms should be based on a patient’s consideration of risks vs. benefits, according to the task force.
There is no evidence that frequent screening for women on HRT helps with early detection of malignancy.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Gynaecology
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Question 8
Incorrect
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A patient is being discharged following a termination of pregnancy at 14 weeks. She had been taking a combined oral contraceptive pill in the past but stopped taking this 6 months prior to falling pregnant as she wasn't in a serious relationship. When should she start again?
Your Answer: Start in 4 weeks
Correct Answer: Start immediately
Explanation:Following an abortion or miscarriage, combined oral contraceptive pills should be started immediately.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Clinical Management
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Question 9
Incorrect
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Presence of which one of the following features at term makes spontaneous delivery incompatible?
Your Answer: Sacrum posterior
Correct Answer: Mentum posterior
Explanation:When face presentation is diagnosed, around 60% of cases are in the mentum anterior position, 25% are mentum posterior and 15% are mentum transverse; most malpositions rotate spontaneously into mentum anterior. A vaginal birth at term is possible only if the foetus is in the mentum anterior position.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 10
Incorrect
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A 61 year old patient undergoes laparotomy for a suspicious left sided ovarian mass. Following histology the patient is diagnosed with a stage 1A ovarian epithelial cancer. What is the 5 year survival for stage 1 ovarian cancers?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: 90%
Explanation:The five year survival of stage 1 ovarian cancer is 70-90%
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Epidemiology
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SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
