A 35-year-old man is commencing therapy for tuberculosis and is educated on the potential side effects associated with each medication. Due to one of the drugs being recognized for depleting and counteracting pyridoxine in the body, leading to peripheral neuropathy, it has been determined that the patient will be initiated on pyridoxine supplements to minimize the risk.
Which medication is accountable for this?
An 80-year-old man visits his GP complaining of lethargy, weight gain, constipation and hair loss that have persisted for 3 months. He has a complex medical history that includes hypertension treated with ramipril, hypercholesterolaemia managed with atorvastatin, persistent atrial fibrillation requiring amiodarone, and type 2 diabetes recently diagnosed and treated with metformin. Additionally, he experiences severe back pain that is controlled with tramadol. Which of the patient’s regular medications is the most likely cause of his current symptoms?
A 55-year-old pharmaceutical representative is admitted to the Emergency Department after collapsing during a presentation about one of his company’s medicines. He experienced acute stridor, shortness of breath, and swollen lips and throat suggestive of angio-oedema. Treatment with hydrocortisone and adrenaline was effective. Further questioning revealed that he had recently started taking a new antihypertensive medication. The following investigations were conducted: Haemoglobin, White cell count (WCC), Platelets, Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), and Creatinine. Which of the following medications is most likely responsible for his presentation?
A patient who recently had a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) has been prescribed medication to manage their hypertension. However, they are unable to continue taking the medication due to experiencing a dry cough, which is a common side effect. Which medication is most likely responsible for this side effect?
A 65-year-old woman presented with worsening constipation. One year previously she had been discharged from hospital following an acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation. She was treated with several new drugs in hospital and was adherent to all of them.
Which one of her medications is most likely to have caused her constipation?
A 25-year-old pregnant woman is currently taking folic acid.
What is an unusual side effect that can occur with the use of folic acid during pregnancy?
What is the mode of action of cholestyramine in the management of hyperlipidemia?
What is the mechanism of action of statins in the management of hyperlipidaemia?
What is the mechanism of action of nicotinic acid in the management of hyperlipidaemia?
A 55-year-old man comes to the clinic with initial signs of COPD. He is a chain smoker and inquires about medications that can aid him in quitting smoking. Specifically, he has heard about a drug called Champix (varenicline).
What is the mechanism of action of varenicline, an anti-smoking medication?