Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-3815

A 44-year-old man with untreated tertiary syphilis is undergoing screening for complications of neurosyphilis. During questioning, he reports experiencing a decrease in visual acuity and color vision on his left side. He denies any headaches or changes in vision when coughing.

Upon examination, there are no signs of gaze or eye movement abnormalities. However, a relative afferent pupillary defect is present, and fundoscopy reveals swelling of the optic disc on the left side. Based on this likely diagnosis, what other visual abnormality may be anticipated?

MSFinals-3816

A 24-year-old woman is attending her first appointment with her GP. She reports feeling healthy and has no current health concerns. However, when asked about her family medical history, she mentions that her mother and grandfather have both been diagnosed with glaucoma.

As her GP, what advice would you give her regarding glaucoma?

MSFinals-3817

A 70-year-old woman arrives at the Emergency department with complaints of severe pain and decreased vision in her right eye. She experienced sudden onset of symptoms earlier in the evening, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and a headache. Upon examination, her visual acuity in the right eye is reduced to counting fingers, and there is significant congestion of conjunctival blood vessels. The cornea appears hazy, making it difficult to examine the pupil and fundus. What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-3818

A 24-year-old construction worker presents to the emergency department complaining of a foreign body sensation in his left eye. He reports experiencing pain and sensitivity to light on the left side. When asked about eye protection, he states that he wears it 99% of the time. Upon examination, you notice crusty, gold-colored lesions on his face. Using a slit lamp and fluorescein eye stain, you identify a dendritic ulcer in his left eye.

What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-3819

A 59-year-old man presents to the ophthalmology clinic with progressive bilateral visual loss. Despite feeling well, he is worried about his ability to drive and grade his students’ math assignments. He has no medical history but has a smoking history of 25 packs per year and does not drink alcohol. During the examination, drusen is observed and visual acuity is reduced. What is the best course of action for this patient?

MSFinals-3821

A 32-year-old female complains of fatigue and frequent headaches. During the swinging light test, an abnormality is noticed in her eyes. Both pupils appear to dilate as the light is moved from the left to the right eye. However, the pupillary response to accommodation is normal bilaterally. Fundoscopy also reveals normal findings bilaterally. The patient has a medical history of type one diabetes and hypertension. What is the probable cause of this patient’s symptoms?

MSFinals-3822

A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with a painless, firm lump on her right upper eyelid. She mentions that it has been present for approximately two weeks and initially started as a small, tender swelling. There are no indications of infection and her vision remains unaffected.
What is the probable diagnosis?

MSFinals-3801

A 68-year-old male with dry age-related macular degeneration is evaluated. Regrettably, his vision has worsened in the last six months. He has never smoked and is currently using antioxidant supplements. What would be the most suitable course of action?

MSFinals-3802

A 54-year-old woman presents with a sudden onset of severe pain and redness in her right eye. She denies any history of foreign body injury and has not experienced any cold-like symptoms. The patient has a medical history of systemic lupus erythematosus, which is currently being managed with hydroxychloroquine. She has no fever and upon examination, her sclera is erythematous and injected with a bluish hue. Her pupils are equal and reactive, and her visual acuity is normal in both eyes. There is no significant discharge present. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?