Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-1019

A child who is 4 years old has a height measurement that falls below the third centile. What is the most probable cause of their stunted growth?

MSFinals-1020

A 10-year-old girl has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This condition is associated with defective β cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
With which kind of capillary are the pancreatic islets of Langerhans closely associated?

MSFinals-1021

A 32-year-old woman presents with sudden onset of abdominal pain. She has a medical history of polycystic kidney disease and is currently taking alfacalcidol, ramipril, Renagel, and EPO injections. Her eGFR upon admission is 24 ml/min/1.73 m2. What analgesic would you recommend for her pain?

MSFinals-1022

A 7-year-old boy who attends a regular school has been brought to the clinic due to his short stature. He measures 3 cm below the third centile for his age and weighs 800 grams less than the third centile. His bone age is 4.5 years. The boy’s mother and father have heights on the 30th and 60th centiles, respectively.

Which of the following statements is true?

MSFinals-1023

A 36-year-old woman presents with galactorrhoea. She has a history of schizophrenia and depression and takes various medications. She also reports not having a menstrual period for the past four months. During examination, a small amount of galactorrhoea is expressed from both breasts, but no other abnormalities are found. The following investigations are conducted: Prolactin levels are at 820 mU/L (50-550), 17β-oestradiol levels are at 110 pmol/L (130-550), LH levels are at 2.8 mU/L (3-10), FSH levels are at 2.7 mU/L (3-15), T4 levels are at 14.1 pmol/L (10-22), and TSH levels are at 0.65 mU/L (0.4-5). What is the probable cause of her galactorrhoea?

MSFinals-1024

A 31-year-old woman presents with amenorrhoea and periodic breast discharge. She has never been pregnant and has not been sexually active for the past 2 years. She is not on any regular medications and has had regular menstrual cycles in the past. On breast examination, there are no abnormalities and she has normal secondary sexual characteristics.
What is the most suitable initial investigation for this patient?

MSFinals-1025

A teenager comes to see you in general practice with a swelling in the region of their throat. They are worried because they have read about an extremely invasive cancer which is difficult to treat.
Which of the following is the patient referring to?

MSFinals-1026

A 10-year-old boy comes to you with a midline cyst that rises upwards when he sticks out his tongue. You suspect it to be a thyroglossal cyst. Where does the thyroid gland originate from?

MSFinals-1027

A 42-year-old woman has diabetes controlled by diet. Her sugars have been running at 13 mmol/l; HbA1c is 63 mmol/mol, and she has a body mass index of 32.
Which of the following is the most appropriate management?