MSFinals-5250
A 70-year-old man has been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and his doctor is planning to prescribe tamsulosin. What are the potential side-effects he may encounter?
Archives: Medical Student Finals
MSFinals-5220
A 62-year-old man visits the anticoagulation clinic for his regular INR check-up as he is taking warfarin for chronic atrial fibrillation. During the test, he informs the healthcare provider that he has been incorporating more fruits into his diet and has started consuming cranberry juice.
The INR reading shows a value of 6, but the patient is asymptomatic and not experiencing any bleeding.
What should be the subsequent course of action in managing this patient?
MSFinals-5221
A 72-year-old man is admitted to hospital with increasing shortness of breath and a productive cough. He is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and is commenced on cefuroxime and clarithromycin. He has a past medical history significant for atrial fibrillation, type II diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), haemorrhoids and hypertension. His medications include warfarin, metformin, gliclazide and ramipril.
Four days into his admission, he suffers an episode of epistaxis, which resolves with simple first aid measures. An international normalised ratio (INR) is measured and is found to be 8.2. He is haemodynamically stable and a full ABCDE assessment reveals a small amount of PR bleeding. He weighs 75 kg.
Which of the following is the most appropriate action to take?
MSFinals-5222
In which disease would penicillin have the lowest efficacy as a treatment option due to frequent resistance among organisms?
MSFinals-5223
You go on a home visit to see Mrs. Jones, an elderly woman who is suffering from an acute diarrhoeal illness she picked up from her grandchildren. Her past medical history includes: ischaemic heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, and osteoarthritis. Her medications are bisoprolol 2.5mg OD, ramipril 2.5mg OD, aspirin 75 mg, lansoprazole 30 mg OD, metformin 1g BD, atorvastatin 40 mg ON, and paracetamol 1g PRN. Her pulse is 92/min, blood pressure 152/82 mmHg, oxygen saturations 97%, respiratory rate 16/min. Her tongue looks a little dry, abdomen is soft and non-tender, with very active bowel sounds. After examining her, you feel she is well enough to stay at home, and you prescribe some rehydration sachets and arrange telephone review for the following day.
What other medication changes should you advise Mrs. Jones to make immediately?
MSFinals-5225
A 29-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her sister. The patient is unresponsive, but the sister reports that the patient had an argument with her partner 4 hours ago and has since ingested at least 7 full packets of aspirin, with the intention of ending her life. The patient has a history of suicidal ideation. Along with other tests, a venous blood gas is taken upon arrival and again after 12 hours. What acid-base abnormalities would be present in this patient at t=0 and t=12?
MSFinals-5226
Which one of the following pairs of features would be expected to occur following administration of an anticholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)?
MSFinals-5227
An 80-year-old man has been diagnosed with osteoporosis after suffering a vertebral fracture. You plan to prescribe alendronate as part of his treatment regimen, alongside his current pain medication. What advice should you provide to ensure he can take the alendronate safely and efficiently?
MSFinals-5228
A 54-year-old woman comes to the Outpatient Clinic with involuntary movements in her lower and upper limbs that began 2 weeks ago. She has a history of schizophrenia and has been taking her medication regularly for the past 4 months, including haloperidol. During the examination, her temperature is 37.6 °C, blood pressure is 122/83 mmHg, and pulse is 96 bpm.
What is the probable diagnosis for this patient?
MSFinals-5229
A 23-year-old female student visits the dentist complaining of a painful mouth and is given a prescription for an antibiotic to treat a dental abscess. The dentist advises her to avoid consuming any alcohol during the course of the treatment due to the possibility of experiencing severe hangovers. What is the name of the antibiotic prescribed to her?