Archives: Medical Student Finals

MSFinals-5161

A 29-year old teacher’s aide is admitted with severe dehydration after experiencing vomiting and diarrhea for the past three days. She has no history of foreign travel and has not been in contact with anyone who is ill. The patient is typically healthy, but has mild asthma and occasionally takes salbutamol. Upon examination, the patient has a pulse of 110 bpm, blood pressure of 104/65 mmHg, and mild epigastric tenderness. An antiemetic is prescribed and IV hydration is initiated. Which antiemetic primarily acts on the histaminergic system?

MSFinals-5162

Samantha is a 67-year-old woman who presents with skin changes on her left lower leg. Upon examination, Samantha has a low-grade fever and the left lower leg is erythematosus, mildly swollen, and warm to the touch. The diagnosis is cellulitis, and due to Samantha’s penicillin allergy, a course of oral clarithromycin is prescribed.

One week later, Samantha returns with new palpitations. What potential ECG side effect can be associated with this antibiotic?

MSFinals-5163

A 28-year-old woman has been prescribed tranexamic acid to alleviate symptoms of heavy menstrual bleeding. Can you explain the mechanism of action of tranexamic acid?

MSFinals-5164

A 55-year-old man comes to see his GP for a follow-up on his hypertension treatment, which was recently changed. Prior to the appointment, he underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, which revealed an average reading of 130/78 mmHg. Despite being compliant with his medication, he has been experiencing occasional dizziness and palpitations since starting the new drug. He wants to explore other treatment options. During an episode, an ECG was performed, which showed only sinus tachycardia and no other abnormalities. What is the most probable cause of his symptoms?

MSFinals-5139

A 20-year-old female patient comes to the clinic complaining of lower abdominal pain on both sides and experiencing deep pain during intercourse. She confesses to having unprotected sex while on vacation in Spain. During the examination, her temperature is found to be 37.9°C. Bimanual examination reveals adnexal tenderness, and speculum examination shows mucopurulent cervical discharge. What is the best choice of antibiotic treatment?

MSFinals-5140

A 25-year-old woman who injects heroin intravenously presents for evaluation. What is the most probable complication that will arise from her drug use?

MSFinals-5142

A new medication, Vilastem, has been developed to improve nausea in elderly patients with terminal cancer. It has recently gained marketing approval but a new side effect is identified via the yellow card scheme.

What phase of drug development does this represent?

MSFinals-5143

As an investigator, you will be participating in a clinical trial of a new antihypertensive agent. The drug has already been tested on healthy volunteers, but this trial will be the first to involve patients. The aim of the trial is to determine the optimal dosage for therapy, which will be used in future studies. Are you ready to take part in this clinical trial?

MSFinals-5144

A new drug, RUB98475622, is being tested in animal studies to improve sleep disturbance in individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea. At what stage of drug development is this currently?

MSFinals-5145

A new medication, Horriblex, has been developed to improve pain in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A study is being conducted to evaluate the pharmacodynamics and dose effects of the medication in elderly patients with RA.

What phase of drug development does this study represent?