A 9-year-old boy presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue and weight loss. Upon examination, he is found to be pale and has hepatosplenomegaly. A complete blood count shows the presence of immature white cells. What is the most probable diagnosis?
A 58-year-old male presents with macrocytic anaemia and a megaloblastic bone marrow. What is the most probable cause of his macrocytosis?
What are the products of VLDL digestion by lipoprotein lipase in peripheral tissues?
In the monophyletic model of haematopoiesis, which mature cell in the peripheral circulation is a derivative of the CMP? This model suggests that the haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) can give rise to either the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) or the common myeloid progenitor (CMP).
A 17-year-old male patient comes in with a history of fevers, night sweats, and a weight loss of 20 pounds over the course of several months. Upon conducting a CT scan, mediastinal lymphadenopathy is discovered, and a biopsy is performed. The genetic analysis of the lesion reveals a translocation between chromosomes 14 and 18. What protein is expected to be overexpressed due to this translocation?
A 32-year-old woman and her partner visit the clinic due to difficulty conceiving despite having regular sexual intercourse. The woman reports having a 28-day menstrual cycle, maintaining a normal diet, and not engaging in strenuous physical activity. During examination, her blood pressure is 122/72 mmHg, pulse is 68 and regular, and BMI is 24 without abnormalities found in her abdomen. What blood test would be most effective in determining if she is ovulating?
A 70-year-old man presents to the clinic with a four-month history of abdominal swelling and discomfort along with breathlessness. Upon examination, he appears unwell and pale. The liver is palpable 12 cm below the right costal margin, and the spleen is palpable 15 cm below the left costal margin. No lymphadenopathy is detected. The following investigations were conducted:
Hb 59 g/L (130-180)
RBC 2.1 ×1012/L –
PCV 0.17 l/l –
MCH 30 pg (28-32)
MCV 82 fL (80-96)
Reticulocytes 1.4% (0.5-2.4)
Total WBC 23 ×109/L (4-11)
Normoblasts 8% –
Platelets 280 ×109/L (150-400)
Neutrophils 9.0 ×109/L (1.5-7)
Lymphocytes 5.2 ×109/L (1.5-4)
Monocytes 1.3 ×109/L (0-0.8)
Eosinophils 0.2 ×109/L (0.04-0.4)
Basophils 0.2 ×109/L (0-0.1)
Metamyelocytes 5.1 ×109/L –
Myelocytes 1.6 ×109/L –
Blast cells 0.4 ×109/L –
The blood film shows anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, and occasional erythrocyte tear drop cells. What is the correct term for this blood picture?
A 35-year-old woman visits your gynaecology clinic for a follow-up appointment after being diagnosed with a symptomatic 6mm intramural fibroid. She has been experiencing this issue for several months and is being considered for surgery as a result. Since she has not yet finished having children, an open myomectomy has been determined to be the best surgical option. What is a typical complication that can occur after this procedure?
A 16-year-old girl who is eight weeks pregnant undergoes a surgical termination of pregnancy and reports feeling fine a few hours later. What is the most frequent risk associated with a TOP?
A 30-year-old woman visits her doctor seeking guidance on contraception and opts for the intrauterine system. What is the predominant side effect that she should be informed about during the initial 6 months of having the intrauterine system inserted?